Phenotypic biodiversity characterization of dromedary camels and hybrids in Kazakhstan

Akhmetsadykova S. Shertay E. Konuspayeva G. Torekhanov A. Faye B.
April 2023 Springer Science and Business Media B.V.

Tropical Animal Health and Production
2023 #55 Issue 2

Kazakhstan is one of the rare camel countries with rich camel biodiversity where different dromedary camels, Bactrian camels, and hybrid types are cohabiting at the same territories during centuries. Several data on phenotype biodiversity of local camels are available, mostly published during Soviet Union time using few body quantitative measurements. Unfortunately, those data are not sufficient to place the local breeds among the world camel population. The aim of this study was to describe detailed phenotype parameters of dromedary camels and hybrids in Kazakhstan and to compare our animals with the other camel populations in the world. As the whole, six camel farms were visited, located in different regions of southern Kazakhstan. In total, 185 female camels (Aruana breed camels and hybrids) were described by the phenotype questionnaire. There was a significant effect of “breed” on the different parameters except udder depth and body length. Most of the measurements were lower in Aruana compared to hybrids. The discriminating factorial analysis confirmed the clear separation between the breed based on their body measurements with a total of 95% of well-classed. The main discriminating parameters (allowing distinguishing the populations) were in the order: (i) the length of the head, (ii) the neck length, (iii) the neck circumference, (iv) the teat length, and (v) the udder length.

Biodiversity , Dromedary camels , Hybrids , Kazakhstan , Phenotype

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LLP «Kazakh Research Institute for Livestock and Fodder Production», Camel Breeding Department, 51, Zhandosov Str., Almaty, 050035, Kazakhstan
Research and Production Enterprise “ANTIGEN” Co Ltd, Biochemistry Department, 4, Azerbayeva Str., Abai Village, Almaty Region, Karasai District, 050409, Kazakhstan
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Biotechnology Department, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Agronomic research and international cooperation organization for the sustainable development of tropical and Mediterranean regions – CIRAD, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France

LLP «Kazakh Research Institute for Livestock and Fodder Production»
Research and Production Enterprise “ANTIGEN” Co Ltd
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Agronomic research and international cooperation organization for the sustainable development of tropical and Mediterranean regions – CIRAD

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