Learner Support Practices in Open and Distance Learning Institutions in Gaborone, Botswana

Sameta L. Mukhopadhyay S. Moorad F.
1 March 2026 The Online Learning Consortium

Online Learning Journal
2026 #30 Issue 1 399 - 422 pp.

The Government of Botswana has embraced open and distance learning (ODL) as a strategic approach to achieve universal access to quality education. However, a notable discrepancy between enrollment and completion rates in ODL institutions threatens the fulfillment of Sustainable Development Goal 4 and the establishment of a skilled workforce. This study investigates the importance of robust learner support systems in bridging this gap. Employing a qualitative multiple-case study design, data were collected from 42 ODL practitioners using open-ended questionnaires and individual interviews. Although this design provided in-depth insights into learner support, findings are limited in generalizability and reflect the perspectives of ODL practitioners in a specific context only. The findings reveal that effective learner support—comprising online technical assistance, improved Internet accessibility, virtual learning evaluation, and fostering learner communities—is essential for enhancing completion rates. This study emphasizes the need for ODL institutions to invest in technological infrastructure and implement comprehensive learning management systems to effectively support learners. Although these findings are similar to those of studies conducted in developing countries, they provide valuable guidance for improving learner support practices in ODL programs, particularly in the context of Botswana’s educational landscape.

Botswana , Learner support , open and distance learning , qualitative research , Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) , technological infrastructure

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Faculty of Education, Blessings University of Excellence, Lusaka, Zambia
Graduate School of Education, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Primary Principal, Westwood International School, Gaborone, Botswana

Faculty of Education
Graduate School of Education
Primary Principal

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