A comparative analysis of reintegration of foreign Ph.D. degree holders to research environments in Kazakhstan, Malaysia and Cambodia

Kuzhabekova A. Wan C.D. Moldashev K.
2025 Routledge

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2025

This paper presents a comparative study on the reintegration experiences of internationally educated doctoral degree holders returning to their home countries. Using Structuration Theory, it explores how returnees are shaped by, yet also shape, their research environments. Data were collected via qualitative semi-structured interviews in Kazakhstan, Cambodia, and Malaysia. Findings reveal common challenges and strategies, as well as unique reintegration issues and opportunities across the three contexts. A key insight is that the experiences of returning scholars are significantly influenced by neo-colonial structures in academia, which affect the scholars’ ability to adapt to and transform their research environments.

doctoral students , international higher education , International mobility , returning scholars , study abroad

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Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Office of Vice-Provost of Research, Narxoz University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Teach for All, New York, NY, United States

Werklund School of Education
Office of Vice-Provost of Research
Teach for All

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Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026