Morphofunctional characteristics and differences of student-athletes participating in team and cyclic sports

Bocharin I. Eshiev A. Kazymov M. Dzhooshbekovа Z. Limarenko O. Guryanov M. Vorozheikin A. Merkeeva E. Faleeva E. Romanova S. Romanova E. Bakayev V. Pakhodnya M. Hassoon A.
June 2025 Editura Universitatii din Pitesti

Journal of Physical Education and Sport
2025 #25 Issue 6 1189 - 1197 pp.

The study of using a wide range of diagnostic procedures, combined with a scientific approach to interpreting morphofunctional data, remains relevant for developing programs that support health and improve athletic performance. Purpose: To optimize training sessions for student-athletes in team and cyclic sports, analyze the characteristics and relationships of morphofunctional indicators. Material and methods: The experiment involved 30 student-athletes, divided into three groups: mini-football, basketball, and cyclic sports (swimming, orienteering, track and field). Monitoring parameters included body length, body weight, and body mass index (BMI). Muscle strength was assessed using an electronic wrist dynamometer, while the accuracy of muscle efforts was determined through a calculation method. Autonomic balance was evaluated using a sphygmogram along with time and spectral analyses of heart rate variability (HRV). Respiratory function was examined through a spirometric test using a pneumotachometric sensor. Results: Students engaged in swimming, orienteering, and track and field exhibit higher BMI values. All participants demonstrate high levels of hand strength, neuromuscular function, and neural coordination, as indicated by dynamometry data. In student football players, a reduction in the adaptive reserves of the cardiovascular system is observed, characterized by a moderate predominance of central heart rate regulation and decreased activity of the parasympathetic regulatory pathway. Participants involved in basketball show a decline in the functional state of the respiratory system. Cluster analysis using the hierarchical clustering method reveals a strong association primarily between BMI, HRV indicators, and external respiratory parameters. Conclusions: A direct relationship has been identified between excess body weight and impaired autonomic regulation, along with an inverse relationship with respiratory function volume. These findings highlight the importance of considering BMI in the development of health and preventive programs for student-athletes.

anthropometry , functional state , physical education , testing , vegetative balance

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Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan
Semey Medical University, NCJSC, Semey, Kazakhstan
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Altai State University, Barnaul, Russian Federation
University of Thi Qar Iraq-Thi Qar, Nasiriyah city, Iraq

Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Osh State University
Semey Medical University
Siberian Federal University
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology
Irkutsk State University
Altai State University
University of Thi Qar Iraq-Thi Qar

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