Biodiversity and Phytochemical Characterization of Adonis volgensis Populations from Central and Northern Kazakhstan: Insights into Bioactivity and Toxicity
Zhumagul M. Rašeta M. Iskakova Z. Kubentayev S. Myrzagaliyeva A. Tleubergenova G. Mukhtubayeva S. Mišković J. Gafforov Y.
May 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Diversity
2025#17Issue 5
This study examines the phytocenotic, phenotypic, phytochemical, antioxidant, and toxic effects of four geographically distinct populations of the traditionally used plant species Adonis volgensis Steven ex DC. from Central and Northern Kazakhstan. These populations, found in diverse habitats such as steppe-like forest edges and moist plains, coexist with species like Achillea nobilis L. and Artemisia absinthium L. Significant variations were observed in plant community composition and environmental stressors, including grazing and habitat degradation. Morphological analysis revealed that Population 2 exhibited greater vigor, while Population 3 was more constrained by local conditions, highlighting adaptive strategies influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. FTIR analysis of A. volgensis extracts revealed distinct solvent-specific profiles of bioactive compounds. Ethanol (EtOH) and ethyl acetate extracts were rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, whereas the chloroform (CHCl3) extract was less effective in extracting phenolics, displaying weaker O–H bands. Phytochemical analysis showed notable variations in total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The highest TPC (89.351 ± 4.45 mg GAE/g d.w.) was found in the ethyl acetate extract from the Akmola region, while the highest TFC (33.811 ± 0.170 mg QE/g d.w.) was observed in the CHCl3 extract from Kostanay region. Toxicity assessment using the Artemia salina lethality assay revealed significant mortality rates (88–96%) in CHCl3 extracts of aerial parts, demonstrating a dose-dependent effect. These findings highlight the antioxidant and potential toxic properties of A. volgensis, emphasizing the importance of solvent selection in bioactive compound extraction for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.
antioxidants , aromatic plants , Artemia salina , FTIR , GC–MS , geobotanical survey , Kazakhstan ecosystem
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Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Astana Botanical Garden, Branch of the Republican State Enterprise on the Right of Economic Management, Institute of Botany and Phyto Introduction, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Astana International University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
Research Institute of New Chemical Technologies, L.N. Gumilyov, Eurasian National University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Biology, North Kazakhstan University Named After M. Kozybaev, Petropavlovsk, 010000, Kazakhstan
ProFungi Laboratory, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
Central Asian Center for Development Studies, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, 100007, Uzbekistan
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Ecology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan
Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources
Astana Botanical Garden
Department of Graduate School of Natural Sciences
Department of Chemistry
Research Institute of New Chemical Technologies
Department of Biology
ProFungi Laboratory
Central Asian Center for Development Studies
Department of Ecology
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