Examining the connection between position-based power and social status across 70 cultures

Wasiel A. Górski M.R. Bond M.H. Yeung V.W.L. Akaliyski P. Akello G. Park J. Joshanloo M. Sokolov B. Hussain M.A. Li L.M.W. Olechowski M. Vignoles V.L. Guemaz F. Boussena M. Rabby M.R.-A. Okvitawanli A. Myślińska-Szarek K. Haas B.W. Sánchez-Rodríguez Á. Vlasenko O. Lun V.M.-C. Aminnuddin N.A. Işık İ. Barry O. Fülöp M. Igbokwe D. Adamovic M. Garðarsdóttir R.B. Soboleva N. Teyssier J. Glückstad F.K. Samekin A. Akotia C. Al-Zoubi M. Andrade L. Anić P. Bakyono-Nabaloum R. Baltin A. Costin V. Denoux P. Espinosa A.D. Espinosa A. Gamsakhurdia V. Garvanova M. Gavreliuc A. Gjoneska B. Igou E.R. Iqbal N. Iter N. Kascakova N. Kazimzade E. Kluzowicz M. Kocimska-Bortnowska A. Kronberger N. Lauri M.A. Lee H. Malyonova A. Maricchiolo F. Mohammed L. Mokadem F. Mosanya M. Mosca O. Murdock E. Nader M. Nowak K. Ochoa D. Pavlović Z. Šolcová I.P. Purc E. Rizwan M. Rocha A.M. Selim H. Sobhie R. Streng M. Sun C.-R. Tønnessen M. Torres C. Trà K.T.T. Turjačanin V. van Tilburg W. Vauclair C.-M. Vergara-Morales J. Xing C. Yakhlef B. Yang J.-W. Yau E.K. Yeung J.C. Zelenski J. Krys K.
1 April 2025

The British journal of social psychology
2025 #64 Issue 2 e12871 pp.

Even in the most egalitarian societies, hierarchies of power and status shape social life. However, power and received status are not synonymous-individuals in positions of power may or may not be accorded the respect corresponding to their role. Using a cooperatively collected dataset from 18,096 participants across 70 cultures, we investigate, through a survey-based correlational design, when perceived position-based power (operationalized as influence and control) of various powerholders is associated with their elevated social status (operationalized as perceived respect and instrumental social value). We document that the positive link between power and status characterizes most cultural regions, except for WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) and Post-Soviet regions. The strength of this association depends on individual and cultural factors. First, the perceived other-orientation of powerholders amplifies the positive link between perceived power and status. The perceived self-orientation of powerholders weakens this relationship. Second, among cultures characterized by low Self-Expression versus Harmony (e.g., South Korea, Taiwan), high Embeddedness (e.g., Senegal), and high Cultural Tightness (e.g., Malaysia), the association between power and status tends to be particularly strong. The results underline the importance of both individual perceptions and societal values in how position-based power relates to social status.

culture , other‐orientation , power , self‐orientation , social status

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Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Department of Psychology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China
Department of Sociology and Social Policy, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China
Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
Higher School of Economics, Ronald F. Inglehart Laboratory for Comparative Social Research, Moscow, Russian Federation
Department of Finance and Economics, College of Business Administration, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Department of Social Sciences and Business, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
Department of Psychology and Centre for Psychosocial Health, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mohamed Lamine Debaghine-Setif 2, Setif, Algeria
BRAC Institute of Educational Development, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
Department of Psychology, SWPS University, Sopot, Poland
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
Department of Social Psychology and Anthropology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Institute of Education Science, Osnabrück University, Germany
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Centre for Islamic Studies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
Department of Psychology, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church, Budapest, Hungary
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
Department of Psychology, Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria
Kings College London, Kings Business School, London, United Kingdom
Faculty of Psychology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II, Toulouse, France
Department of Management, Society & Communication, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark
School of Liberal Arts, M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
Institute of Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
Département de Philosophie et de Psychologie, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
Psychology Department, Iberoamerican University, Mexico City, Mexico
Departamento Académico de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
Department of Psychology, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
Department of Information Systems and Technologies, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, Sofia, Bulgaria
Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, North Macedonia
Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
Faculty of Arts and Educational Sciences, Palestine Technical University - Kadoorie, Tulkarm, Palestine
Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Czechia, Olomouc
Psychiatric Clinic Pro Mente Sana, Bratislava, Slovakia
Department of Educational Psychology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
Department of Psychology, SWPS University, Poland
Institute of Education and Psychology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
Department of Psychology, University of Malta, Malta
Department of Psychology, Indiana University Northwest, Gary, IN, United States
Department of General and Social Psychology, Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russian Federation
Department of Education, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
Institute of Criminology and Public Safety, University of Trinidad and Tobago, Arima, Trinidad and Tobago
Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Research Unit INSIDE, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
Department of Organizational Management, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
Department of Psychology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of SciencesCzechia, Prague, United States
Institute of Psychology, SWPS University, Warsaw, Poland
Institute of Psychology, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
University of Haripur, Karachi, Pakistan
Catholic University of Angola, Luanda, Angola
King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Interfaculty for Graduate Studies and Research, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
Institute of Psychology, University of Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, China
Department of Social Studies, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
Department of Psychology, HCMC University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
Faculty of Philosophy, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
Universidad de Las Américas, Concepción, Chile
Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
École Normale Supérieure of Constantine, Constantine, Algeria
Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada

Institute of Psychology
Faculty of Psychology
Department of Management and Marketing
Department of Psychology
Department of Sociology and Social Policy
Faculty of Medicine
Graduate School of Education
Department of Psychology
Higher School of Economics
Department of Finance and Economics
Department of Social Sciences and Business
Department of Psychology and Centre for Psychosocial Health
School of Psychology
Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences
BRAC Institute of Educational Development
Faculty of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Department of Social Psychology and Anthropology
Institute of Education Science
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Centre for Islamic Studies
Department of Psychology
Faculty of Arts and Humanities
Institute of Psychology
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology
Department of Psychology
Kings College London
Faculty of Psychology
Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet
Department of Management
School of Liberal Arts
Department of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Institute of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Département de Philosophie et de Psychologie
School of Natural Sciences and Health
Psychology Department
Departamento Académico de Psicología
Department of Psychology
Department of Information Systems and Technologies
Department of Psychology
Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Department of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Faculty of Arts and Educational Sciences
Olomouc University Social Health Institute
Psychiatric Clinic Pro Mente Sana
Department of Educational Psychology
Department of Psychology
Institute of Education and Psychology
Department of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Department of General and Social Psychology
Department of Education
Institute of Criminology and Public Safety
Department of Education
Research Unit INSIDE
Department of Organizational Management
Department of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Institute of Psychology
Institute of Psychology
Institute of Psychology
University of Haripur
Catholic University of Angola
King Saud University
Interfaculty for Graduate Studies and Research
Institute of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Department of Social Studies
Department of Psychology
Faculty of Philosophy
Department of Psychology
Instituto Universitário de Lisboa
Universidad de Las Américas
Department of Psychology
École Normale Supérieure of Constantine
Department of Psychology
Department of Psychology

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