Improving Grain Safety Using Radiation Dose Technologies
Uazhanova R. Ametova M. Nabiyeva Z. Danko I. Kurtibayeva G. Tyutebayeva K. Khamit A. Myrzamet D. Sogut E. Toishimanov M.
August 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Agriculture (Switzerland)
2025#15Issue 15
Reducing post-harvest losses of cereal crops is a key challenge for ensuring global food security amid the limited arable land and growing population. This study investigates the effectiveness of electron beam irradiation (5 MeV, ILU-10 accelerator) as a physical decontamination method for various cereal crops cultivated in Kazakhstan. Samples were irradiated at doses ranging from 1 to 5 kGy, and microbiological indicators—including Quantity of Mesophilic Aerobic and Facultative Anaerobic Microorganisms (QMAFAnM), yeasts, and molds—were quantified according to national standards. Experimental results demonstrated an exponential decline in microbial contamination, with a >99% reduction achieved at doses of 4–5 kGy. The modeled inactivation kinetics showed strong agreement with the experimental data: R2 = 0.995 for QMAFAnM and R2 = 0.948 for mold, confirming the reliability of the exponential decay models. Additionally, key quality parameters—including protein content, moisture, and gluten—were evaluated post-irradiation. The results showed that protein levels remained largely stable across all doses, while slight but statistically insignificant fluctuations were observed in moisture and gluten contents. Principal component analysis and scatterplot matrix visualization confirmed clustering patterns related to radiation dose and crop type. The findings substantiate the feasibility of electron beam treatment as a scalable and safe technology for improving the microbiological quality and storage stability of cereal crops.
food irradiation , food safety , grain crops , shelf life , spoilage microorganisms
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Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Food Technology, Almaty Technological University, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Research Institute of Food Safety, Almaty Technological University, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty, 050032, Kazakhstan
Department of Power Engineering, Satbayev University, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Department of Technology and Standardization, Faculty of Technology, K.Kulazhanov Kazakh University of Technology and Business, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 71100, Turkey
Food and Environment Safety Laboratory, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Department of Food Safety and Quality
Research Institute of Food Safety
Institute of Nuclear Physics
Department of Power Engineering
Department of Technology and Standardization
Food Engineering Department
Food and Environment Safety Laboratory
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