Afforestation of the Biosphere Reserve of Iraq with Norway Spruce (Picea abies) and Austrian Pine (Pinus nigra) Seedlings: a Quantitative and Qualitative Study

Syman K. Dham A. Ridha H.S.H. Salem A.H. Talib H.A. Saadoon S.J. Ahmed A.A.M.
2023 Islamic Azad University

Journal of Nuts
2023 #14 Issue 3 201 - 210 pp.

In the western Iranian provinces of Kurdistan and Kermanshah as well as the northern Kurdistan Region of Iraq, there is a hilly terrain called Hawraman. It’s called the biosphere reserve of Iraq due to its high biodiversity. In this study, the planting of saplings of the Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Austrian pine (Pinus nigra) species was investigated quantitatively and qualitatively using 20 square sample plots with measurements of 12×12 meters that were randomly chosen in the selection area. The diameter of the collar, the overall height, the freshness of the seedlings, and the survival indicators were evaluated and measured in each sample plot. Picea abies outperformed Pinus nigra in terms of diameter and height, according to a statistical comparison between the two species in the same direction and slope (Picea abies: 1.34 cm and 0.32 m, Pinus nigra: 0.71 cm and 0.21 m). There was no significant difference in the percentage of survival between the two species. In terms of freshness, a comparison of these two species revealed that the Picea abies species had a higher level of freshness than the Pinus nigra species.

Biosphere reserve of Iraq , Picea abies , Pinus nigra

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Institute of Natural Sciences and Geography, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan 13, Dostyk Av., Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
College of education, Medical Lab Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq
Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
Department of Radiology & Sonar Techniques, AlNoor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
Biology, Institute of Medicine, People’s Friendship University of Russia, Russian Federation

Institute of Natural Sciences and Geography
College of education
Department of Medical Laboratories Technology
Department of Radiology & Sonar Techniques
National University of Science and Technology
College of Pharmacy
Biology

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