Recognition of Stages of Endogenous Fire Outbreak and Development in Coal Mines
Suleimenov N. Sattarova G. Sarsenbekov N. Ermukhanova N. Portnov V. Zamaliyev N. Batessova F. Imanbayeva S. Zakharov A. Abdirashit A.
October 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
2025#15Issue 20
This article reveals the nature, causes, and main stages of occurrence and development of endogenous fires in coal mines. It is emphasized that one of the key tasks of fire protection specialists is the most accurate determination of the stage of oxidation and self-heating of coal. A review of existing gas analysis methods for identifying the initial and subsequent stages of endogenous fire development is conducted. Particular attention is focused on the importance of obtaining prompt reliable information on the self-heating temperature of coal and the dynamics of its change in the early stages of the process. Since self-heating zones are usually inaccessible for direct instrumental control, the main source of information is the gas analysis of air samples. The authors present the results of research on the dependence of the indicator gas content on the coal self-heating temperature. Based on the Graham criterion, the stages of thermal development of the process are predicted. Correlation dependencies between temperature and integral parameters of indicator gas concentrations are developed, allowing for a sufficient degree of reliability in determining the stages of coal self-heating and spontaneous combustion. Based on the results of the work, methodological recommendations for the prevention and warning of endogenous fires in coal mines and opencasts are proposed. They are based on the most informative and accessible signs suitable for quantitative assessment. The implementation of these recommendations will improve the level of industrial safety and reduce the risks of fires and explosions during mining operations.
carbon dioxide , carbon monoxide , coal mine , empirical dependencies , endogenous fire , hydrogen , indicator gases , oxidation process , oxygen loss , self-heating temperature , signs of spontaneous combustion , stages of endogenous fire
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Department of Occupational Safety and Ecology, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, 100027, Kazakhstan
Department of Social and Humanities, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, 100027, Kazakhstan
Educational Programs of Electric Power Engineering, Technosphere Safety and Ecology, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda, 120000, Kazakhstan
Department of Geology and Exploration of Mineral Deposits, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, 100027, Kazakhstan
Department of Mineral Deposit Development, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, 100027, Kazakhstan
Department of Engineering Systems and Networks, Satbayev University, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Department of Metallurgy and Mining, K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Aktobe, 030000, Kazakhstan
Department of Occupational Safety and Ecology
Department of Social and Humanities
Educational Programs of Electric Power Engineering
Department of Geology and Exploration of Mineral Deposits
Department of Mineral Deposit Development
Department of Engineering Systems and Networks
Department of Metallurgy and Mining
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