Garlic (Allium sativum L.): Its Chemistry, Nutritional Composition, Toxici-ty, and Anticancer Properties
Rauf A. Abu-Izneid T. Thiruvengadam M. Imran M. Olatunde A. Shariati M.A. Bawazeer S. Naz S. Shirooie S. Sanches-Silva A. Farooq U. Kazhybayeva G.
April 2022Bentham Science Publishers
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
2022#22Issue 11957 - 972 pp.
The current review discuss the chemistry, nutritional composition, toxicity, and biological functions of garlic and its bioactive compounds against various types of cancers via different an-ticancer mechanisms. Several scientific documents were found in reliable literature and searched in databases viz Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Research Gate were carried out using keywords such as “garlic”, “garlic bioactive compounds”, “anticancer mechanisms of gar-lic”, “nutritional composition of garlic”, and others. Garlic contains several phytoconstituents with activities against cancer, and compounds such as diallyl trisulfide (DATS), allicin, and diallyl disul-fide (DADS), diallyl sulfide (DAS), and allyl mercaptan (AM). The influence of numerous gar-lic-derived products, phytochemicals, and nanoformulations on the liver, oral, prostate, breast, gas-tric, colorectal, skin, and pancreatic cancers has been studied. Based on our search, the bioactive molecules in garlic were found to inhibit the various phases of cancer. Moreover, the compounds in this plant also abrogate the peroxidation of lipids, activity of nitric oxide synthase, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), protein kinase C, and regulate cell cycle and survival signaling cascades. Hence, garlic and its bioactive molecules exhibit the afore-mentioned mechanistic actions, and thus, they could be used to inhibit the induction, development, and progression of cancer. The review describes the nutritional composition of garlic, its bioactive molecules, and nanoformulations against various types of cancers, as well as the potential for devel-oping these agents as antitumor drugs.
Allicin , Antineoplastic action , Cancer , Diallyl disulfide , Garlic , Toxicity
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Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, KPK, Anbar, 23430, Pakistan
Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus, United Arab Emirates
Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, 740272, Nigeria
K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management [the First Cossack University], Moscow, Russian Federation
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 42, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, KPK, Charsadda, Pakistan
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research, Vila do Conde, 4485-655, Portugal
Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Oporto, Oporto, Portugal
Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad--campus, Pakistan
S.Toraighyrov Pavlodar State University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry
Pharmaceutical Sciences
Department of Crop Science
University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences
Department of Biochemistry
K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management [the First Cossack University]
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Department of Biotechnology
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center
National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research
Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA)
Department of Chemistry
S.Toraighyrov Pavlodar State University
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