Spatio-temporal analysis of the soil threats in the Kostanay region, northern Kazakhstan, using remote sensing techniques
Ozgeldinova Z. Mukayev Z. Zhanguzhina A. Ulykpanova M. Mukaeva L.
2025Soil Science Society of Poland
Soil Science Annual
2025#76Issue 3
Currently, a serious environmental issue is soil degradation, primarily caused by pollution, salinization, and the loss of organic matter. A significant part of the Kostanay Region’s area, N Kazakhstan, is utilized for human economic activities, often resulting in detrimental consequences for ecosystems. Remote sensing technologies are the most suitable and cost-effective solution for monitoring soil conditions. This work aims to develop a method for evaluating soil cover dynamics under anthropogenic impact using remote sensing data. The technique, developed and tested in the Kostanay Oblast – one of the main mining regions focused on iron ore extraction and crop production – utilises satellite images and field survey results as input materials. As a result of the studies, it was established that the soil cover in the semi-desert zone in the southern part of the region, which exhibits a high degree of degradation, is associated with anthropogenic impacts and natural climatic features that affect soil pollution processes. In contrast, soils with a low degree of degradation are found in the forest-steppe and steppe zones, characterized by high economic development and resilience to anthropogenic impacts. Verifying the obtained results at the remaining 20% of field points allows us to assert that the indicators are reliable at 85% to 91%, confirming the appropriateness of the chosen research methods and techniques. Subsequently, based on the verified map of soil cover degradation, created through space monitoring over a specific period, it is possible to forecast the functioning of soil cover under conditions of anthropogenic impact.
Anthropogenic load , Degradation , GIS , Remote sensing , Soil
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L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of Physical and Economical Geography, Satpayev 2 st., Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Shakarim University of Semey, Department of Science Disciplines, Glinki 20a st., Semey, 071412, Kazakhstan
Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov, Department of Geography, Aslanbek Sheripov st., 32 st, Grozny, 364024, Russian Federation
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Shakarim University of Semey
Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov
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