Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Circaea lutetiana Ethanolic Extract: Phytochemical Profiling, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Evaluation
Iskakova Z. Kozhantayeva A. Temirbekova A. Mukhtubayeva S. Bissenova G. Tekebayeva Z. Almagambetov K. Tashenov Y. Sarmurzina Z.
June 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
2025#26Issue 12
In the current decade, the use of plant extracts for the green preparation of metal nanoparticles has garnered increasing attention due to their eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. In the current study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the ethanolic extract of Circaea lutetiana for the first time. Thetotal flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC)of the extract were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was employed to determine the functional groups involved in both the reduction and stabilization processes of AgNPs. The formation and optical properties of AgNPs were confirmed by Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. The greenlysynthesized AgNPs were characterized by FT-IR, UV–Vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential analyses, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results confirmed that the AgNPs were spherical in shape with an average size of approximately 3.8 nm and showed a good crystalline nature. Additionally, the AgNPs exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, demonstrating their potential as green antimicrobial agents.
antibacterial activity , Circaea lutetiana , nanoparticle characterization , phytochemical screening , polyphenolic compounds , silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)
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Research Institute of New Chemical Technologies, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev Street 2, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev Street 2, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Republican Collection of Microorganisms, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Astana Botanical Garden, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan
Research Institute of New Chemical Technologies
Department of Chemistry
Republican Collection of Microorganisms
Astana Botanical Garden
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