Optimal Orientation of Solar Collectors to Achieve the Maximum Solar Energy in Urban Area: Energy Efficiency Assessment Using Mathematical Model

Hartono H. Hanoon T.M. Hussein S.A. Abdulridui H.A. Ali Z.S.A. Mohammed N.Q. Alhassan M.S. Qizi K.M.M. Abdullah D. Yerkin Y.
March 2023 University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Faculty of Electrical Engineering

Journal of Operation and Automation in Power Engineering
2023 #11 Issue Special Issue

Solar panel collectors are considered a highly promising technology for renewable energy in urban areas. In this study, the optimization of solar collector orientation to achieve maximum energy efficiency in Sohar, Oman, and Hillah, Iraq, is investigated. A novel approach is introduced, where optimal deflection angles are determined using a mathematical optimization model, incorporating rigorous numerical calculations based on sun position, solar radiation models, and non-isotropic models. Dynamic variations in solar radiation patterns are revealed, emphasizing the significance of tailored approaches. Optimal tilt angles are identified in Sohar and Hillah, resulting in notable increases in annual energy intake. Additionally, nuanced insights into solar panel orientation optimization are provided through the inclusion of non-isotropic models. The numerical findings illustrate a dynamic interaction among monthly, seasonal, and yearly fluctuations in solar radiation patterns, underscoring the importance of tailored approaches. In Sohar and Hillah, optimal tilt angles are identified, demonstrating significant enhancements in annual energy intake when aligned with these variations. Moreover, the incorporation of non-isotropic models offers nuanced insights into the influence of azimuth angles on radiant energy, stressing the necessity to optimize solar panel orientation toward the equator for improved energy capture. The outcomes indicate a boost of 22%, 8%, and 4% in Sohar, achieved by aligning panels with optimal angles for optimal monthly, seasonal, and yearly performance, respectively. Similarly, in Hillah, a corresponding increase of 23%, 9%, and 4% is observed. Importantly, the study emphasizes that the zenith of energy reception aligns with a zero azimuth angle. As the azimuth angle deviates from zero, both positively and negatively, the quantity of received energy exhibits a proportional increase. The findings contribute to the advancement of solar energy optimization and offer valuable insights for the design of sustainable solar energy systems in urban environments.

energy efficiency , mathematical model , optimal orientation , solar collectors , Solar energy

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Department of Informatics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Medan Area, Medan, Indonesia
Department of Engineering, Mazaya University College, Dhi-Qar, Iraq
Department of Medical Laboratory Technics, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq
Department of Medical Laboratories, Technology, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, Iraq
College of Computer, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi-Qar, Iraq
Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
Division of Advanced Nano Material Technologies, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
Faculty of Finance and Accounting, Assistant of the Department of Finance, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Department of Informatics, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh, Indonesia
Department of Energy Saving and Automation, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Department of Informatics
Department of Engineering
Department of Medical Laboratory Technics
Department of Medical Laboratories
College of Computer
Department of Medical Laboratories Technology
Division of Advanced Nano Material Technologies
Faculty of Finance and Accounting
Department of Informatics
Department of Energy Saving and Automation

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