Real-time performance enhancement of battery energy storage system in sustainable microgrids using Harris Hawks Optimization
Gali V. Gupta N. Jamwal P.K. Kumawat M. Babu B.C.
June 2025Elsevier Inc.
Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems
2025#46
This article presents a novel control strategy for optimizing real-time battery energy storage system (BESS) performance in microgrids. The primary objective is to enhance power-sharing and improve energy management under the uncertainty of renewable energy sources (RES) and load fluctuations. Microgrids with BESS have the potential to enhance the performance metrics of electricity systems, including resilience and sustainability. To achieve this, a rate limiter is employed instead of a conventional low-pass filter (LPF) to ensure seamless BESS discharge and improved power balance among the Microgrid sources. This approach mitigates the challenges associated with unintentional cut-off frequency selection and enhances system stability. However, determining the optimal rate limiter value is crucial, as it significantly impacts BESS reliability and efficiency. To address this, a Harris Hawks optimization (HHO) is proposed to track the reference current of the rate limiter precisely to overcome the problems associated with conventional controllers arising from uncertainties due to system nonlinearities. The proposed method is validated through MATLAB®/Simulink simulations and real-time implementation using a WAVECT® WUC 300 FPGA digital controller. The comparative analysis demonstrates that the HHO-based control strategy effectively reduces voltage overshoots below 5 V and settling time to 0.01 s during uncertainty RES scenarios. Experimental results further validate the superior performance of the proposed controller in dynamic energy management and power-sharing optimization.
Battery energy storage system (BESS) , Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) , Microgrid , Power sharing , Rate limiter , State of charge
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Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, School of Physics, Engineering, and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
Department of Electrical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Delhi, India
PV Research Lab, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Kancheepuram, Chennai, India
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Department of Electrical Engineering
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Department of Electrical Engineering
PV Research Lab
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