Extreme weather event attribution predicts climate policy support across the world

Cologna V. Meiler S. Kropf C.M. Lüthi S. Mede N.G. Bresch D.N. Lecuona O. Berger S. Besley J. Brick C. Joubert M. Maibach E.W. Mihelj S. Oreskes N. Schäfer M.S. Linden S.V.D. Zenklusen A. Zegler-Poleska E. Xie J. Xia Z. Wojcik A.D. Westfal M. Weninger T. Warwas I. Bubnoff A.V. Vlasceanu M. Vilares I. Noord J.V. Uzoma I.C. Uluğ Ö.M. Tyrala M. Tsakiris M. Toribio-Florez D. Tokrri R. Toko A.K. Todorova B. Teran-Escobar C. Tanaka M. Szumowska E. Szaszi B. Syropoulos S. Strahm N. Stanley S.K. Spruyt B. Späth L. Solak N. Six J. Shuckburgh E. Schulreich S. Santos R.R. Santos O. Ruin I. Ross R.M. Röer J.P. Roche J. Reynolds J.P. Rêgo G. Rebitschek F.G. Rauchfleisch A. Räsänen P. Quiñones D.M.A. Pypno-Blajda K. Pštross K. Pronizius E. Ploszaj A. Pisareva D. Petrović M.B. Petkanopoulou K. Pennington C.R. Pearson A.R. Pavlov Y.G. Parzuchowski M. Paruzel-Czachura M. Saiani P.P. Pärnamets P. Pantazi M. Otterbring T. Ostermann T. Nwogwugwu D. Ntui N.-N.V. Nitschke J.P. Newman E.J. Namutebi J. Muršič Z. Motta M. Monge-Rodríguez F. Mitkidis P. Miller J.M. Milfont T.L. McKay R. Mayer S.J. Marques M.D. Lunz-Trujillo K. Lucas C.H. Lou N.M. Lopez-Villavicencio C. Ortega A.L. Löschel A. Lits G. Lindkvist A.M. Levy N. Leviston Z. Légal J.-B. Lazić A. Lantian A. Lamm C. Kuppens T. Krouwel A. Kristiansen S. Krishnan P. Kranz L.S. Kotcher J. Kosachenko A. Koren K. Koppel L. König L.M. Komyaginskaya E. Kojan L. Koivula A. Koh H. Klein O. Rábová T.K. Kitsa M. Kerr J.R. Kavassalis S. Jurgiel D. Jungkunz S. Jones C.A. Jin T. Islam M.T. Ibadildin N. Hurley M. Huff M. Huang G. Herziger A. Hernández-Mondragón A.C. Hensel P. Harari D. Haarstad H. Guenther L. Grigoryev D. Gordon H. Brambila C.G. Goddard E. Gloor J.L. Gkinopoulos T. Ghasemi O. Genschow O. Garrido Vásquez M.E. Garrido-Vásquez P. Gallyamova A. Friese M. Freundt J. Fischer H. Feuerriegel S. Ferreira M. Feldhaus C. Farhart C. Fan X. Faisal Z. Fage-Butler A. Facciani M. Enke B. Elsherif M. Elbaek C.T. Ecker U.K.H. Dzimińska M. Dubrov D. Dries C. Douglas K.M. Dohle S. Doell K.C. Diaz-Catalàn C. Di Stefano L. Delouvée S. Debnath R. Czarnek G. Çoksan S. Cases R.K. Callaghan T. Valdez A.C. Cagnoli F. Alvarez P.C. Buchel O. Bret A. Breeden K. Bouguettaya A. Bilewicz M. Białobrzeska O. Bhui R. Bertsou E. Bati K. Bardhan R. Bajrami A. Azevedo F. Apriliawati D. Ansah P. Amollo T. Alvarez R.M. Alsobay M. Ali I.M. Alfano M. Aldoh A. Alabrese E. Adinugroho I. Aczel B. Shamsi N.A. Abdulsalam S. Aziz N.I.A.
July 2025 Nature Research

Nature Climate Change
2025 #15 Issue 7 725 - 735 pp.

Extreme weather events are becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change. Yet, little is known about the relationship between exposure to extreme events, subjective attribution of these events to climate change, and climate policy support, especially in the Global South. Combining large-scale natural and social science data from 68 countries (N = 71,922), we develop a measure of exposed population to extreme weather events and investigate whether exposure to extreme weather and subjective attribution of extreme weather to climate change predict climate policy support. We find that most people support climate policies and link extreme weather events to climate change. Subjective attribution of extreme weather was positively associated with policy support for five widely discussed climate policies. However, exposure to most types of extreme weather event did not predict policy support. Overall, these results suggest that subjective attribution could facilitate climate policy support.

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Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Collegium Helveticum, Zurich, Switzerland
Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Zurich-Airport, Switzerland
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Department of Communication and Media Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Department of Psychobiology and Methodology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Institute of Sociology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Psychology, University of Inland Norway, Elverum, Lillehammer, Norway
Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
Centre for Climate Change Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
Centre for Research in Communication and Culture, Department of Communication and Media, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Institute of Malaysian and International Studies, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
School of Collective Intelligence, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
ELTE Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
School of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
Department of Economics, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
School of Psychology, University of Sussex/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
Linde Center for Science, Society, and Policy, Division of Humanities and Social Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
Department of Physics, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya
Department of Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
Department of Psychology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
National Institute of Science and Technology on Social and Affective Neuroscience, São Paulo, Brazil
Museum of Natural Sciences ‘Sabiha Kasimati’, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
Department of Architecture, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
Institute of Political Science, University of St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
Institute of Psychology, SWPS University, Warsaw, Poland
Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Computer Science Department, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, United States
Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire, LPPL UR 4638, Nantes Université, Univ. Angers, Nantes, France
Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
Department of Scientific and Innovation Culture, Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology, Madrid, Spain
Department of International and Political Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
Institute of Multimedia and Interactive Systems, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
Institute for Sociology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Staré Mesto, Slovakia
Department of Psychology, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
Network for Economic and Social Trends, Western University, London, ON, Canada
Behavior in Crisis Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
Cambridge Zero, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
LP3C (Psychology Laboratory), Université Rennes 2, Rennes, France
TRANSOC, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
Harding Center for Risk Literacy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
Center for Sociocultural Research, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Department of Labor and Social Policy, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
School of Psychological Science and Public Policy Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
Department of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
a2i Programme of ICT Division and UNDP Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Department of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Department of Political Science and International Relations, Carleton College, Northfield, MN, United States
Faculty of Management and Economics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Department of Philosophy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
LMU Munich School of Management, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
Leibniz Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany
School of Social Work, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Lucerne, Switzerland
Department of Psychology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
Department of Psychology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
Institute for Management and Organization, Leuphana University, Lueneburg, Germany
School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Institute for Climate Risk and Response, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Research Institute for Responsible Innovation, School of Management, University of St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
Department of Business Administration, Instituto Técnológico Autónomo de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Department of Media and Communication, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
Department of Geography, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Centre for Climate and Energy Transformation, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politícnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
Department of Media and Communication, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Department of Psychology, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
School of Education, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Department of Political Science and International Relations, KIMEP University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of Government and Politics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
School of Geography, Planning, and Spatial Sciences, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
Institute of Political Science, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
Institute of Political Science and Sociology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Doctoral School of Social Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
Hixon Center for Climate and the Environment, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, United States
Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Institute of Communication Studies and Journalism, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Center for Social and Cultural Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
Department of Political Science and International Relations, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Social Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Bayreuth, Kulmbach, Germany
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Division of Economics, Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
Faculty of Polish and Classical Philology, University of Adam Mickiewicz, Poznań, Poland
Department of Psychology, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
Department of Information Science and Media Studies, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Communication Science and Political Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Institut Langage et Communication, University of Louvain, Louvain, Belgium
Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, La Molina, Peru
Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
Harvard Kennedy School’s Shorenstein Center, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
Network Science Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom
School of Psychological and Social Sciences, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand
Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
Office for Quality Assurance, Analyses and Reporting, Project EUTOPIA, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Department of Management and Supply Chain Studies, Nkumba University, Entebbe, Uganda
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Communication Arts Programme, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
Department of Management, University of Adger, Kristiansand, Norway
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
Penn Center for Neuroaesthetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
Institute of Medical Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Department of Psychological Science, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, United States
School of Psychology, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
Department of Psychology, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
Science Studies Laboratory, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Department of Psychology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
Graduate Institute of Journalism, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, Grenoble, France
Institute of Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
NOVA Institute of Communication, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Department of Cognitive Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Psychology Department, TED University, Ankara, Turkey
Sociology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
Faculty of Political Science and Economics, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Civil Law, Faculty of Law, University of Tirana, Milto Tutulani, Tirana, Albania
Centre for the Politics of Feelings, University of London, London, United Kingdom
Division of Public Policy, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
Molecular Haematology and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
Department of Environmental Social Sciences, Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford, CA, United States
Faculty of Technology and Bionics, Rhine-Waal University, Kleve, Germany
Faculty of Philosophy and Social Science, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

Department of Environmental Systems Science
Collegium Helveticum
Department of the History of Science
Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science
Department of Communication and Media Research
Department of Psychobiology and Methodology
Institute of Sociology
Department of Advertising and Public Relations
Department of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Centre for Research on Evaluation
Centre for Climate Change Communication
Centre for Research in Communication and Culture
Department of Psychology
Institute of Malaysian and International Studies
School of Collective Intelligence
Department of Science and Technology Studies
ELTE Institute of Psychology
School of Psychology
Department of Economics
School of Psychology
Department of Philosophy
Department of Biochemistry
Sloan School of Management
Linde Center for Science
Department of Physics
Department of Communication
Department of Psychology
Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science
National Institute of Science and Technology on Social and Affective Neuroscience
Museum of Natural Sciences ‘Sabiha Kasimati’
Department of Architecture
Department of Biomedical Sciences
Institute of Political Science
Institute of Psychology
Faculty of Psychology
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Computer Science Department
Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire
Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
Department of Scientific and Innovation Culture
Department of International and Political Sciences
Institute of Multimedia and Interactive Systems
Department of Health Law
Institute for Sociology
Department of Psychology
Network for Economic and Social Trends
Behavior in Crisis Lab
Cambridge Zero
LP3C (Psychology Laboratory)
TRANSOC
Department of Cognition
Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine
School of Psychology
Harding Center for Risk Literacy
Center for Sociocultural Research
Department of Labor and Social Policy
School of Psychological Science and Public Policy Institute
Department of Management
School of Psychology
Department of Economics
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
School of Communication and Culture
a2i Programme of ICT Division and UNDP Bangladesh
Department of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology
Department of Political Science and International Relations
Faculty of Management and Economics
Department of Philosophy
LMU Munich School of Management
Leibniz Institut für Wissensmedien
School of Social Work
Department of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Institute for Management and Organization
School of Psychology
Institute for Climate Risk and Response
Research Institute for Responsible Innovation
Department of Business Administration
Department of Media and Communication
Department of Geography
Centre for Climate and Energy Transformation
Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences
Faculty of Management
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politícnico Nacional
Department of Media and Communication
Department of Psychology
School of Education
Department of Political Science and International Relations
Department of Government and Politics
Department of Psychology
School of Geography
Institute of Political Science
Institute of Political Science and Sociology
Doctoral School of Social Sciences
Hixon Center for Climate and the Environment
Department of Public Health
Department of Journalism and Mass Communication
Institute of Communication Studies and Journalism
Center for Social and Cultural Psychology
Department of Political Science and International Relations
Department of Social Research
INVEST Research Flagship Center
Faculty of Life Sciences: Food
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology
Division of Economics
Faculty of Polish and Classical Philology
Department of Psychology
School of Psychology
Department of Information Science and Media Studies
Department of Communication Science and Political Science
Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences
Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale
Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences
School of Medicine and Psychology
Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics
Institut Langage et Communication
Departamento de Psicología
Department of Psychology
Harvard Kennedy School’s Shorenstein Center
Network Science Institute
School of Psychology and Public Health
Department of Psychology
School of Psychological and Social Sciences
Department of Political Science and International Relations
Office for Quality Assurance
Department of Management and Supply Chain Studies
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Communication Arts Programme
Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy
Department of Management
Department of Clinical Neuroscience
Institute of Psychology
Penn Center for Neuroaesthetics
Institute of Medical Psychology
Department of Psychological Science
School of Psychology
Department of Psychology
Science Studies Laboratory
Department of Psychology
Graduate Institute of Journalism
Max Planck Institute for Human Development
Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory
Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement
Institute of Environmental Health
NOVA Institute of Communication
Department of Nutritional Sciences
Department of Cognitive Psychology
Psychology Department
Sociology Department
School of Sustainability
Faculty of Political Science and Economics
Department of Civil Law
Centre for the Politics of Feelings
Division of Public Policy
School of Psychology
Molecular Haematology and Immunogenetics Laboratory
Department of Environmental Social Sciences
Faculty of Technology and Bionics
Faculty of Philosophy and Social Science
School of Economics and Management
School of Environment

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