Relationship between physical fitness, blood microcirculation activity, and nervous system function

Bocharin I. Guryanov M. Orazbekov B. Dzhooshbekova Z. Vorozheikin A. Ryzhkova L. Arkhipova A. Radchenko D. Rib Y. Maukayeva S. Metelev A. Vasilyeva V. Usenok S. Anisimov M.
May 2025 Editura Universitatii din Pitesti

Journal of Physical Education and Sport
2025 #25 Issue 5 969 - 976 pp.

Studying the relationship between physical activity and the functional state and characteristics of central nervous system processes is essential for comprehensively improving the effectiveness of athletic training. Purpose. To examine the characteristics of the blood microcirculation system and the level of central nervous system adaptation in students with different fitness levels. Materials and methods. The experiment involved 68 students: 42 young men without specialized physical training and 26 athletes practicing sambo wrestling three times a week. Capillary blood flow was assessed using laser Doppler flowmetry with LDF-gram (Laser doppler flowmetry diagram) recording, and standard indicators of microcirculation were analyzed. The data were processed using variation statistical methods with software packages, and the results were presented as mean values with standard errors of the mean. To assess central nervous system adaptation and sensorimotor reaction speed, a simple visual–motor response test was performed using the choice reaction method. Results. Students actively practicing sambo exhibit greater modulation of capillary blood flow, with moderately enhanced activity of vascular tone regulation mechanisms. In these individuals, the endothelial and myogenic components remain the primary contributors to microvascular tone. Additionally, the athlete group shows increased inflow of oxygenated blood into the capillary bed, accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation processes, which may be related to their higher level of physical fitness. It was determined that young athletes demonstrated a higher level of central nervous system adaptation and faster sensorimotor reaction speeds in visual–motor reaction tests compared to non-athletes. This reflects a greater strength of nervous processes and a more balanced neural function resulting from training loads. Conclusions. The level of physical fitness influences the functional activity of blood microcirculation, the rate of metabolic processes in the capillary bed, and the degree of central nervous system adaptation. These findings should be considered when planning training sessions to improve their effectiveness.

blood microcirculation , central nervous system , functional state , physical training , sambo

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Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, NCJSC, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
The Russian University of Sport GTSOLIFK, Moscow, Russian Federation
Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Astana Medical University, NCJSC, Astana, Kazakhstan
Semey Medical University, NCJSC, Semey, Kazakhstan
Altai State University, Barnaul, Russian Federation
Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
St. Petersburg State Agrarian University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov
Osh State University
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
The Russian University of Sport GTSOLIFK
Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology
Astana Medical University
Semey Medical University
Altai State University
Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
St. Petersburg State Agrarian University

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