Russian-Chinese borderlands and frontier migrations of the population in the XIX century
Российско-китайское приграничье и фронтирные миграции населения в XIX в.
Atantayeva B.Zh. Akhmetova R.D. Abenova G.A. Kariyeva T.A.
1 September 2021International Network Center for Fundamental and Applied Research
Bylye Gody
2021#16Issue 31225 - 1232 pp.
The research of the historical experience of population movements in border areas is based on an analysis of the causes and consequences of frontier migrations, which are the result of socio-economic and political changes in the Central Asian region during the period under study. This article analyzes the issues of changing the nature of frontier migrations in the border area of the Russian state and Qing China in the 19th century. The article presents documentary sources from the archives of some countries (Russia, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan). These sources show that the rapprochement of the possessions of Russia with the possessions of the Qing Empire in Central Asia dictated the need to establish a clear Russian-Chinese border and clarify relations and priorities in the region. The article is based on a study of state treaties and agreements between the Russian Empire and Qing China. These treaties established the rules of trade in Central Asia, which determined the rules for crossing the border and processing trade documents. Some of the articles of the treaties concerned measures against illegal migrants. An analysis of state treaties and agreements of the second half of the 19th century, including the St. Petersburg Treaty of 1881, as a result of which permanent nomadic routes and the resettlement of clans were disrupted, is important for understanding the meaning and directions of frontier migration of the regions population. In conclusion, the authors state that the specificity of frontier migrations of the population is due to the state division of border territories and the development of trade between two neighboring countries in Central Asia in the second half of the 19th century.
China , Frontier , Migration , Russia , Semirechye , Steppe General Governorship , Trade , Turkestan Territory
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Shakarim University of Semey, Kazakhstan
Shakarim University of Semey
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
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