Predictors of nursing students’ intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination: A multi-university study in Saudi Arabia

Alshehry A.S. Cruz J.P. Alquwez N. Alsharari A.F. Tork H.M.M. Almazan J.U. Alshammari F. Alabdulaziz H. Alsolami F. Tumala R.B. Al Thobaity A. Alqahtani F.M. Balay-Odao E.
February 2022 John Wiley and Sons Inc

Journal of Advanced Nursing
2022 #78 Issue 2 446 - 457 pp.

Aims: This study examined the predictors of student nurses’ intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. We measured the nursing students’ risk perceptions, anxiety, fears and beliefs on COVID-19 vaccine; attitudes towards it and vaccine literacy (VL). Design: This study is a multi-university study utilizing the quantitative, cross-sectional and predictive approach. Methods: Using convenience sampling (n = 1170), we surveyed 10 Saudi universities from November 26, 2020, to December 31, 2020. Forward stepwise multinomial logistic regression was performed in identifying the factors predicting student nurses’ intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. Results: The overall mean in the risk perception, anxiety and fear was 9.59 (SD = 2.82, possible range = 1–15), 3.95 (SD = 4.77, possible range = 0–20) and 18.17 (SD = 6.65, possible range = 7–35) respectively. They also reported a mean of 29.90 (SD = 6.56, possible range = 8–40) on COVID-19 belief. COVID-19 positive and negative attitudes mean score was 3.64 (SD = 0.92) and 2.72 (SD = 0.90) in a 1–4 range of scores respectively. The functional and interactive-critical COVID-19 VL of the students were at moderate levels. More than half of the respondents (55.9%) intended to be vaccinated against COVID-19, 17.6% did not intend to do so and 26.5% were unsure. High-risk perceptions, low levels of COVID-19 anxiety, positive beliefs and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine, and high levels of interactive-critical COVID-19 VL were significant predictors of student nurses’ intentions to vaccinate against COVID-19. Conclusion: Policymakers could consider the factors identified in this study and why the students did not intend to receive the vaccine in planning a nationwide vaccination program. The colleges of nursing could also utilize the findings in developing educational programs that aim to improve VL and beliefs and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine.

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Medical Surgical Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Al Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
Maternal and Child Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
School of Advance Studies, Saint Louis University, Baguio City, Philippines

Medical Surgical Department
Nursing Department
Department of Medicine
Nursing Department
Maternal and Child Nursing Department
College of Nursing
Faculty of Nursing
Faculty of Nursing
Nursing Department
College of Nursing
School of Advance Studies

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