Evaluation of antibiotic use in Kazakhstan for the period 2017–2019 based on who access, watch and reserve classification (Aware 2019)
Zhussupova G. Utepova D. Orazova G. Zhaldybayeva S. Skvirskaya G. Tossekbayev K.
January 2021MDPI AG
Antibiotics
2021#10Issue 11 - 13 pp.
The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the consumption of antibiotics for systemic use reimbursed by the state in Kazakhstan for 2017–2019 with the Access, Watch, and Reserve classification (AWaRe 2019) of the World Health Organization (WHO). The evaluation of the consumption of antibiotics for systemic use in Kazakhstan for 2017–2019 was carried out using the ATC/DDD methodology in accordance with the WHO AWaRe classification. The study used data on all antibiotics that were centrally purchased by a single purchaser during the study period. To understand how often Access group antibiotics are taken in Kazakhstan, the top-10 most consumed antibiotics were additionally studied. The results of a comparative analysis of the antibiotics for systemic use consumption for 2017–2019 by the Access, Watch, and Reserve groups showed a negative trend of a decrease in the consumption of Access group drugs from 1.17 defined daily dose (DDDs) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) (39%) in 2017 to 0.59 DID (30%) in 2019. There is an increase in consumption of Watch group antibiotics from 1.84 DID (61%) in 2017 to 1.37 DID (68%) in 2019, as well as an increase in consumption of Reserve antibiotics from 0.001 DID (0.03%) to 0.4 DID (2.11%). In recent years in Kazakhstan, there has been a decrease in the consumption of Access group antibiotics. In addition, the Watch group antibiotics are widely consumed with a certain upward trend. In 2019, one Reserve antibiotic was included in the top-10 most commonly consumed antibiotics. There is a predominant consumption of parenteral forms of antibiotics for systemic use in the country.
Antibiotic consumption , Antimicrobial medicines , AWaRe , Essential Medicines List , Kazakhstan
Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи
The Republican State Enterprise on the Right of Economic Management “Republican Center for Health Development”, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Public Health, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
N.A. Semashko Department, Public Health and Healthcare I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
The Republican State Enterprise on the Right of Economic Management “Republican Center for Health Development”
Department of Public Health
N.A. Semashko Department
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026