Connecting primordial gravitational waves and dark energy
Zhumabek T. Denissenya M. Linder E.V.
1 September 2023Institute of Physics
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
2023#2023Issue 9
Cosmic acceleration manifested in the early universe as inflation, generating primordial gravitational waves detectable in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Cosmic acceleration is occurring again at present as dark energy, detectable in cosmic distance and structure surveys. We explore the intriguing idea of connecting the two occurrences through quintessential inflation by an α-attractor potential without a cosmological constant. For this model we demonstrate robustness of the connection 1 + w 0 ≈ 4/(3N 2 r) between the present day dark energy equation of state parameter w 0 and the primordial tensor to scalar ratio r for a wide range of initial conditions. Analytic and numerical solutions produce current thawing behavior, resulting in a tight relation w a ≈ -1.53(1 + w 0)≈ -0.2 (4 × 10-3/r). Upcoming CMB and galaxy redshift surveys can test this consistency condition. Within this model, lack of detection of a dark energy deviation from Λ predicts a higher r, and lack of detection of r predicts greater dark energy dynamics.
dark energy theory , inflation , primordial gravitational waves (theory)
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Energetic Cosmos Laboratory, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana, Kazakhstan
Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics & Berkeley Lab, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, CA, Berkeley, 94720, United States
Energetic Cosmos Laboratory
Department of Physics
Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics & Berkeley Lab
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