Recommendations for the use and design of fish protection and fish passing structures under geological conditions
Zholamanov N.Z. Koibakov S.M. Abildaev S.T. Sarbassova G.A. Omarbekova M.T.
2023National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan
News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Sciences
2023#2023Issue 285 - 95 pp.
According to the latest data, the development of aquaculture in Kazakhstan is carried out in four directions: Pasture, pond, industrial and recreational. For the past five years, fish production has fluctuated from 410 to 838 tons per year. At the same time, more than 50% of fish are grown in two regions — Almaty and Turkestan. Natural reservoirs of Kazakhstan are divided into two categories: Reservoirs of international and republican significance, which include transboundary reservoirs and reservoirs located in more than one region of Kazakhstan (Caspian Sea, Kapshagai and Shardara reservoirs, K. Satpaev Canal), as well as reservoirs of local significance. Below is a map of the main rivers and lakes of Kazakhstan. There are 48,262 lakes in the Republic of Kazakhstan, of which 45,248 have an area of less than 1 km2. There are 21 large lakes with an area of more than 100 km2. The total area of reservoirs of local importance is about 700 thousand hectares. The largest number of lakes is concentrated in Kostanay and Akmola regions. There are also significant resources in the delta of the Syrdarya and Ili rivers. The aquaculture of Kazakhstan develops according to territorial and climatic principle. The territory of the country is divided into six pond-rearing zones according to the length of the growing season. According to pasture fish farming, all lakes are divided into a zone for growing whitefish, carp and salmon. In particular, carp and whitefish are grown in Central and Northern Kazakhstan, cyprinids, including herbivorous fish, in Southern Kazakhstan, and rainbow trout in the foothill waters of Southern and South-Eastern Kazakhstan. When growing fish, one of the main issues is the protection and release of fish products. On reclamation canals, water intakes and small rivers, the most promising means of protection and passage of fish, arranged in open watercourses and canals. If it is necessary to protect various fish species, it is advisable to use fish protection complexes, which include several types of fish protection structures and devices. The stage-bystage protection of fish is effective both by simple (auxiliary) and rather complex (main) structures of fish protection structures.
Canals , Fish barriers , Fish guide rapids , Fish pass structures , Fish protection structures , New designs of fish pass structures , Water intakes
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Taraz Regional University, Taraz, Kazakhstan
Taraz Regional University
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