High performance zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors from fluorine and manganese co-doped laser-induced graphene electrodes
Zhao Y. Wang T. Qiao W. Sun Y. Cui D. Alshammari S. Wan T. Mersal G.A.M. Qiao X. Zhang J. Algadi H. Fallatah A.M. Toktarbay Z. Tileuberdi N. Guo Z. Wei H.
23 September 2025Elsevier Ltd
Journal of Alloys and Compounds
2025#1040
Over the past few years, the continuous advancement of microelectronic devices has driven the demand for micro-energy storage devices. Planar micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), due to their unique structure, have attracted enormous research interest. However, the relatively low energy density of MSCs restricts their practical applications. In this context, fluorine and manganese co-doped laser-induced graphene (FMnLIG) electrodes are prepared via laser direct writing (LDW) technique. During the LDW process, the high temperature not only decomposes -CF3 groups to generate fluorine-containing gases, endowing the prepared FMnLIG with a rich pore structure, but also converts MnCl2·4 H2O into MnOx (MnO2, Mn3O4) which is loaded on the FMnLIG. The presence of both the rich pore structure and MnOx increases the areal capacitance of FMnLIG. The areal capacitance of FMnLIG is 281.1 mF cm−2 (@0.09 mA cm−2), approximately twice that of the FLIG (129.1 mF cm−2) and about 8 times that of the CLIG (36.5 mF cm−2). Meanwhile, combined with the electrodeposition technique, the Zn@FMn5LIG//FMn5LIG microelectrode is prepared and assembled into a planar miniature zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZHMSC). The energy density of the prepared FMn5LIG-ZHMSC is 22.45 μWh cm−2 (@0.09 mA cm−2), which is about twice that of FLIG-ZHMSC and about 102 times that of CLIG-ZHMSC. In addition, FMn5LIG-ZHMSC exhibits excellent flexibility, and there is no remarkable degradation in the electrochemical properties after repeated bending tests. This work provides new insights into preparing high performance LIG for flexible wearable electronic applications.
Fluorine and manganese co-doped , Laser-induced graphene , Planar micro-supercapacitors , Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor
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State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Fiber Materials, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Multivariate Identification for Port Hazardous Chemical Substances, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials science, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Geography, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, 13 Dostyk Ave., Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Department of Petroleum Engineering, Satbayev University, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Fiber Materials
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Multivariate Identification for Port Hazardous Chemical Substances
College of Light Industry Science and Engineering
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Department of Chemistry
Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering
Department of Electrical Engineering
Department of Chemistry
Department of Petroleum Engineering
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