Genetic Polymorphism of Y-Chromosome in Turkmen Population from Turkmenistan
Zhabagin M. Tashkarayeva A. Bukayev A. Zhunussova A. Ponomarev G. Tayshanova S. Maxutova A. Adamov D. Balanovska E. Sabitov Z.
December 2024Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Genes
2024#15Issue 12
This study investigates the Y-chromosome genetic diversity of the Turkmen population in Turkmenistan, analyzing 23 Y-STR loci for the first time in a sample of 100 individuals. Combined with comparative data from Turkmen populations in Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Russia, and Uzbekistan, this analysis offers insights into the genetic structure and relationships among Turkmen populations across regions across Central Asia and the Near East. High haplotype diversity in the Turkmen of Turkmenistan is shaped by founder effects (lineage expansions) from distinct haplogroups, with haplogroups Q and R1a predominating. Subhaplogroups Q1a and Q1b identified in Turkmenistan trace back to ancient Y-chromosome lineages from the Bronze Age. Comparative analyses, including genetic distance (RST), median-joining network, and multidimensional scaling (MDS), highlight the genetic proximity of the Turkmen in Turkmenistan to those in Afghanistan and Iran, while Iraqi Turkmen display unique characteristics, aligning with Near Eastern populations. This study underscores the Central Asian genetic affinity across most Turkmen populations. It demonstrates the value of deep-sequencing Y-chromosome data in tracing the patrilineal history of Central Asia for future studies. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of Turkmen genetic ancestry and add new data to the ongoing study of Central Asian population genetics.
Central Asia , haplogorup , haplotype , Jochi Ulus , network analysis , population genetics , Turkmen population , Y-chromosome
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National Center for Biotechnology, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
DNK Shejire LLP, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
Research Institute for Jochi Ulus Studies, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
Astana International University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, 115522, Russian Federation
Kazak Historical Society, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University, Atyrau, 060000, Kazakhstan
L.N. Gumilyov, Eurasian National University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
National Center for Biotechnology
DNK Shejire LLP
Research Institute for Jochi Ulus Studies
Astana International University
Research Centre for Medical Genetics
Kazak Historical Society
Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University
L.N. Gumilyov
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