Features of community-acquired pneumonia in children depending on vaccination

Особенности внебольничной пневмонии у детей в зависимости от вакцинации
Zeynebekova A.B. Dyussenova S.B. Kizatova S.T. Kiryanova T.A. Tlegenova K.S. Sarmankulova G.A. Zhanpeissova A.A. Akhayeva A.S. Kysabekova A.B.
2023 Geotar Media Publishing Group

Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training
2023 #12 Issue 2 69 - 74 pp.

Despite the successes achieved in the diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as throughout the world, the incidence, number of complications and mortality from community-acquired pneumonia are increasing. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical and bacteriological features of community-acquired pneumonia and the severity of its course in vaccinated children. Material and methods. On the basis of the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, Karaganda, 132 children aged 2 months to 3 years with community-acquired pneumonia were examined, who were divided into 2 groups: children vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccine and children with impaired immunization regimen. To establish the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia, sputum analysis for microflora was carried out in all children. Results. The results indicate that in severe community-acquired pneumonia, febrile hyperthermia was observed in 100% of children with impaired immunization – in 90% (p=0.001). Subfebrile temperature in 54.5% with impaired immunization with mild community-acquired pneumonia. The study of the etiological structure of community-acquired pneumonia revealed the predominance of gram-positive flora in group 2 children with a violation of the immunization regimen of 62.5% (p<0.05). The analysis confirms the significant role of S. pneumoniae in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children, the proportion of which was 37.5% in children of the second group, compared with 7.14% among vaccinated children of the first group (p<0.05). Conclusion. In the groups of children who received a full course of vaccination against pneumococcal infection and children with a violation of the immunization scheme, the course of community-acquired pneumonia differed in the nature of the onset of the disease, the severity of respiratory failure, fever and shortness of breath. In the second group of patients, higher levels of ESR, leukocytes and CRP were noted. The study of the etiological structure of community-acquired pneumonia, taking into account age groups, allowed us to establish that in children from 2 months to 3 years, S. pneumoniae and S. aureus occupied the leading place. Among older children (from 1 to 3 years), the most significant etiological agents of community-acquired pneumonia were S. pneumococcus, S. aureus, M. pneumonia.

children , community-acquired pneumonia , pathogenic strains , vaccination

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Medical University of Karaganda, Non-profit JSC, Karaganda, 100012, Kazakhstan

Medical University of Karaganda

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