A highly efficient triple band metasurface enabled absorber for 5G/6G millimeter wave applications
Younis F. Khan O. Ahmad J. Qasim M.J. Luo H. Wang S.
December 2025Nature Research
Scientific Reports
2025#15Issue 1
This study presents a tri-band metasurface absorber (MSA) based on a dual elliptical geometric resonator with an enclosed circular structure. Designed on a low-cost FR-4 substrate, the proposed MMA consists of an elliptical resonator with a strip line shape at the top and a full ground plane at the bottom. To achieve tri-band absorption, a multi-resonance topology incorporating two symmetrical elliptical resonators and a metallic strip is optimized. The unit cell measures 5.8 × 5.8 × 1.5 mm³ (0.54λ₀ × 0.54λ₀ × 0.140λ₀ at the lowest frequency of 28 GHz). A detailed parametric analysis is conducted to examine the impact of the unit cell’s geometric variations on the reflection and absorption coefficients. Rotating the metallic strip by 90° in the multi-resonant metasurface structure enabled the transition from single-band to tri-band absorption. Under normal incidence, the proposed MMA exhibits three absorption peaks at 28 GHz, 33 GHz, and 38 GHz, with high absorption rates of 99%, 98%, and 99%, respectively. The MSA is further analyzed under transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized waves, demonstrating polarization-insensitive behavior. The unit cell response is also investigated using an equivalent circuit model and surface current analysis. To validate the design, the unit cell is extended into a metasurface array and fabricated for experimental evaluation. The measured results confirm absorption rates of 97%, 95%, and 99.6% at 28 GHz, 33 GHz, and 38 GHz, aligning well with simulated predictions. The combination of high absorption efficiency, polarization stability, and low-cost fabrication makes the proposed MSA suitable for tri-band 5G/6G millimeter-wave applications.
5G applications , Dual elliptical resonators , Metasurface , Multi band , Triple band absorber
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School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad-Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Science, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
School of Electronics Information, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
School of Physics
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
School of Electronics Information
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