Modeling and analysis of a microgrid considering the uncertainty in renewable energy resources, energy storage systems and demand management in electrical retail market

Wang C. Zhang Z. Abedinia O. Farkoush S.G.
January 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Journal of Energy Storage
2021 #33

The renewable energy resources (RESs) are naturally generated such as wind turbine, photovoltaic cell and etc., which can be used in microgrids. In this paper, a heuristic method has been proposed for load demand management based on the produced power and the forecasted market clearing price in which the uncertain parameters of uncontrolled resources and load demand is taken into consideration. With the intermittent output of RESs due to the uncertainty in solar irradiation and wind speed, the forecasting unit will inform the operator on the power production levels in the upcoming 24 h. The energy storage system (ESS) is added to the network based on the modeling of demand management to induce operation costs of the microgrid (MG). Afterwards, the optimization unit utilizes a new decision-making criterion and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method to define generation schedule and resources’ economic dispatch to reduce consumers’ costs. Moreover, the proposed model is used to guarantee voltage stability and basic load support. The simulation results are presented by three scenarios with and without price-based demand response. The comparisons among the results illustrate the effectiveness of demand management on system costs. As shown in simulation results, demand response has highly reduced total cost (20–30% related to the case without that) where voltage dip (maximum 1.4%) and power deviation (maximum 1.25%) are also improved in the microgrid.

Demand management , Electrical market price , Energy storage system (ESS) , Particle swarm optimization (PSO) , Price reduction , Renewable energy sources’ uncertainty

Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи

Northeast Electric Power University, School of Economics and Management, Management Department, China
Dept. of Elec. & Computer Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Yeungnam, South Korea

Northeast Electric Power University
Dept. of Elec. & Computer Engineering
Department of Electrical Engineering

10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель

Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026