Could atmospheric carbon be driving sedimentation?

Vinković A. Laptyev G. Yaprak G. Slavova K. Joksimović D. Troskot-Čorbić T. Frontasyeva M. Duliu O.G. Bylyku E. Shyti M. Humbatov F. Nuhanović M. Smječanin N. Nonova T. Dobrev L. Pashalidis I. Melikadze G. Ioannidou A. Tsabaris C. Aidarkhanova A. David D. Zinicovscaia I. Kamnev A. Horvat M. Nečemer M. Jaćimović R. Yucel H. Kalayci Y. Dirican A. Sert I. Plotsen M. Korychenskyi K. Khatir S.M.A. Sander S.G. Deufrains K. Fajković H. Klanjšček T. Vdović N. Legović T. Obhođaš J.
November 2022 Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH

Journal of Soils and Sediments
2022 #22 Issue 11 2912 - 2928 pp.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to provide insights into the most recent responses of sediments to climate change and their capability to sequester atmospheric carbon (C). Methods: Three sediment cores were collected, one from the western Black Sea, and two from the southern Adriatic Sea. Cores were extruded and sectioned into 1 cm or 0.5 cm intervals. Sections were frozen, weighed, freeze-dried, and then weighed again to obtain dry weights. Freeze-dried samples were dated by using lead 210 (²¹⁰Pb) and cesium 137/ americium 241 (¹³⁷Cs/²⁴¹Am). Organic and inorganic C were determined by combustion. Particle size distribution was determined using a Beckman Coulter particle size analyzer (LS 13,320; Beckman Coulter Inc.). Mineralogical analyses were carried out by a Philips X’Pert powder diffractometer. Results: Sedimentation and organic and inorganic C accumulation rates increased with time in both the Black Sea and the Adriatic Sea. The increase in accumulation rates continued after the global introduction in the early 1970s of controls on the release of phosphorus (P) into the environment and despite the reduced sediment yield of major rivers (Po and Danube). Therefore, the increased accumulation of organic and inorganic C in the sediments cannot be assigned only to nutrient availability. Instead, we suggest that the increase in organic C is the consequence of the increase in atmospheric C, which has made more carbon dioxide (CO₂) available to phytoplankton, thus enabling more efficient photosynthesis. This process known as CO₂ fertilization may increase the organic C accumulation in sediments. Simultaneously, the increase of sea temperatures decreases the calcite solubility resulting in increases of the inorganic C accumulation. Conclusion: Our results suggest that long-term, general increases in accumulation rates of organic and inorganic C in sediments are the consequence of increases in atmospheric C. This shows that coastal sediments play an important role in C uptake and thus in regulating the Earth’s climate.

Carbon , Climate change , Particle size distribution , Pb-210 and Cs-137 dating , Sediment , Sedimentation rate , The Adriatic Sea , The Black Sea , X-ray powder diffraction

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Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, Zagreb, Croatia
Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute, Kiev, Ukraine
Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
Institute of Oceanology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Varna, Bulgaria
University of Montenegro, Institute of Marine Biology, Kotor, Montenegro
INA-Industrija Nafte, d.d, Zagreb, Croatia
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6, Joliot Curie Str., Dubna, 141980, Russian Federation
University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Department of Structure of Matter, Earth and Atmospheric Physics and Astrophysics, 405, Atomistilor str, P.O. Box MG-11, Magurele (Ilfov), 077125, Romania
Institute of Applied Nuclear Physics, University of Tirana, P.O. Box 85, Qesarake Street, Tirana, Albania
Environmental Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Radiation Problems, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Av.H. Javid 31a, Baku, Azerbaijan
Department of Radiochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
Radioanalytical-Environmental Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Department, University of Cyprus, Lefkosia, Cyprus
Research Centre of Hydrogeophysics and Geothermic of Institute of Geophysics, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Aleksidze str.1, Tbilisi, 0160, Georgia
Nuclear Physics and Elementary Particles Physics Division, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Marine Environmental Laboratory, Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 Km Athens-Sounio Ave, Anavyssos, PO Box 712, Attiki, 19013, Greece
Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan
National Environmental Protection Agency, Radioactivity Laboratory, Spl. Independentei, no. 294, Bucharest, Romania
Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Str., MG-6, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
Institute of Oceanology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
Ankara University, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Tandogan Campus, Tandogan, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
Turkish Atomic Energy Agency, Ankara, Turkey
Environmental Pollution Monitoring Service, The Center of Hydrometeorological Services of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 1 st Bodomzor yuli str. 72, Tashkent, 100052, Uzbekistan
Section of Marine Environmental Studies Laboratory, Division of IAEA Environment Laboratories, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA Environment Laboratories, 4, Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, 98000, Monaco
Marine Mineral Resources, Dynamics of the Ocean Floor, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel & Christian-Albrechts-Universität Zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Division for Europe, Department of Technical Cooperation, Vienna International Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, Vienna, 1400, Austria
Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, Horvatovac 102, Zagreb, Croatia
OIKON - Institute for Applied Ecology, Zagreb, Croatia
LIBERTAS International University, Zagreb, Croatia

Ruđer Bošković Institute
Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute
Institute of Nuclear Sciences
Institute of Oceanology
University of Montenegro
INA-Industrija Nafte
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
University of Bucharest
Institute of Applied Nuclear Physics
Environmental Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
Department of Radiochemistry
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy
Radioanalytical-Environmental Chemistry Lab
Research Centre of Hydrogeophysics and Geothermic of Institute of Geophysics
Nuclear Physics and Elementary Particles Physics Division
Marine Environmental Laboratory
Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology of the Republic of Kazakhstan
National Environmental Protection Agency
Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering
Institute of Oceanology of Russian Academy of Sciences
Jozef Stefan Institute
Ankara University
Turkish Atomic Energy Agency
Environmental Pollution Monitoring Service
Section of Marine Environmental Studies Laboratory
Marine Mineral Resources
Division for Europe
Faculty of Science
OIKON - Institute for Applied Ecology
LIBERTAS International University

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