THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE GLASS ITEMS FROM THE MEDIEVAL CITIES IN THE LOWER REACHES OF THE SYRDARYA (KAZAKHSTAN)
ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ СТЕКЛЯННЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЫХ ГОРОДОВ НИЗОВЬЕВ СЫРДАРЬИ (КАЗАХСТАН)1
Valiulina S.I. Tazhekeyev A.A. Kurmaniyazov Y.S. Esen S.
2025Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology
Kratkiye Soobshcheniya Instituta Arkheologii
2025#2025Issue 280394 - 412 pp.
The article presents the results of the study of the chemical composition of glass products from medieval settlements located in the lower reaches of the Syr Darya in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The trade and craft centers of Kyshkala (Barshinkent), Asanas, Kumkala, Mortyk, Zhent existed from the early Middle Ages and during the Golden Horde period on one of the sections of the Silk Road. Medieval glass of Central Asia is an integral part of Islamic glassmaking, at the same time it shows a pronounced originality in glass chemistry due to the geobiochemical raw material features of the vast region. The composition of 20 samples of sodium ash glass of the Na2 O-K2 O-CaO-SiO2 type was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS). According to the concentration of glass-forming elements and their ratios within the type, three subtypes were distinguished, representing different technological traditions: Central Asia 75 %, Iran and Egypt 5 %.
Central Asia , chemical composition , Islamic glass , Kazakhstan , medieval cities , SEM-EDS
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Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, ul. Kremlevskaya, 18, Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation
Branch of the Margulan institute of Archaeology in Astana, Abay Avenue, 22, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Aiteke bi street, 29 A, Kyzylorda, 120400, Kazakhstan
International university, prosp. Kabanbay Batyr, 8, Astana, 021810, Kazakhstan
Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University
Branch of the Margulan institute of Archaeology in Astana
Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University
International university
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