Analysis of a population-based survey of women of reproductive age in the Republic of Kazakhstan: conclusions and recommendations
Қазақстан Республикасындағы репродуктивті жастағы әйелдердің халық арасында жүргізілген сауалнама нәтижелерін талдау: қорытындылар мен ұсыныстар
Анализ результатов популяционного анкетирования женщин репродуктивного возраста Республики Казахстан: выводы и рекомендации
Urazbayeva G.G. Terlikbayeva A.T. Imanbayeva Z.A. Baigaziyeva G.Z. Kayupova L.S.
30 December 2025Kaz Med Print LLP
Reproductive Medicine (Central Asia)
2025#2025Issue 4182 - 196 pp.
Relevance: The protection of maternal and women’s reproductive health is a priority for the healthcare system, demographic sustainability, and the country’s socio-economic development. The current situation is characterized by insufficient decline in gynecological morbidity, high prevalence of infertility and miscarriage, and an increasing incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which negatively affect reproductive potential. Representative surveys of women of reproductive age make it possible to identify risk factors and barriers to accessing care, to design targeted preventive programmes, to improve maternal and child health policies, and to increase the availability and quality of family planning, sexual education, and STI prevention services, which is a key prerequisite for improving reproductive health and reducing preventable adverse pregnancy outcomes. The study aimed to assess reproductive health among women of reproductive age in Kazakhstan, identify key problems, risk factors, and obstacles to medical care, and develop scientifically based recommendations and strategies for health protection and the improvement of quality of life. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cohort study with a gender focus and a large sample size was conducted, including 4,264 women aged 18–49 years residing in Kazakhstan. An anonymous online survey (41 questions) via Google Forms covered demographic characteristics, socio-cultural factors, access to healthcare and information, reproductive health status, gynecological conditions, and chronic extragenital diseases. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics Results: Among 4,264 respondents, 43% reported gynecological diseases (including pelvic inflammatory disease in 64%, cervical pathology in 59%, uterine fibroids in 9,7%), 13% mentioned infertility, and 15% had extragenital pathology. Binary logistic regression showed that cohabitation (civil marriage) reduced fertility by 50%, history of STIs by 57%, dysmenorrhea by 37%, and operative delivery by 15%. An irregular menstrual cycle increased the risk of gynecological diseases by 64% and chronic diseases by 67%, while regular gynecological visits increased the detection rate of gynecological conditions by 30%. Conclusion: The obtained data may serve as a basis for developing intersectoral strategies integrating medical, psychological, and social care to reduce risk factors, enable early intervention, and improve reproductive capacity, especially in environmentally unfavorable regions. Â
ecology , gynecological morbidity , innovative approach , national reproductive health programs , reproductive health , risk groups
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Scientific Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Scientific Center for Obstetrics
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