Diversity, Phylogenetic Relationships and Distribution of Marsh Frogs (the Pelophylax ridibundus complex) from Kazakhstan and Northwest China
Ualiyeva D. Ermakov O.A. Litvinchuk S.N. Guo X. Ivanov A.Y. Xu R. Li J. Xu F. Arifulova I.I. Kaptyonkina A.G. Khromov V.A. Krainyuk V.N. Sarzhanov F. Dujsebayeva T.N.
October 2022MDPI
Diversity
2022#14Issue 10
In order to study the diversity, phylogenetic relationships and distribution of marsh frogs of the Pelophylax ridibundus complex in Kazakhstan and northwest China, we conducted phylogeographic analyses of 125 samples from 53 localities using the mtDNA ND2 and COI genes and the SAI nuclear gene sequences. Phylogenetic inference of mtDNA revealed three main lineages—sister lineages Balkhash and Syrdarya (as the Central Asian P. sp. novum), and the Anatolian P. cf. bedriagae, while from nDNA data, we additionally detected the western form, P. ridibundus. According to mtDNA data, the mean genetic distances between P. sp. novum and two other forms of marsh frogs was more than 5%. Genetic homogeneity within populations of the Syrdarya lineage and P. cf. bedriagae is characterized by low nucleotide diversity and high haplotype diversity. Demographic analyses of the lineages showed past population expansions of the Balkhash and the Syrdarya forms. Divergence from the most recent ancestor had occurred in the Early Pleistocene period (2.46 Mya) for the Balkhash and the Syrdarya lineages, and 1.27 Mya for the P. cf. bedriagae. Our findings provide a first investigation of the lineage diversification and population dynamics of the Central Asian marsh frogs and will be useful for further taxonomic implications and conservational actions.
Central Asia , marsh frogs , mtDNA , nDNA , phylogeography , Ranidae
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Laboratory of Ornithology and Herpetology, Institute of Zoology CS MES RK, 93 al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, 050060, Kazakhstan
Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
Department of Zoology and Ecology, Penza State University, 40 Krasnaya Street, Penza, 440026, Russian Federation
Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
Shakarim Semey State University, 20A Glinki Street, Semey, 071412, Kazakhstan
LLP Research and Production Center for Fisheries FC MEGNR RK, 43 Kenesary Street, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Medicine, Ahmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, 29 Sattarkhanov Str, Turkestan, 161200, Kazakhstan
Laboratory of Ornithology and Herpetology
Chengdu Institute of Biology
Department of Zoology and Ecology
Institute of Cytology
College of Life Science and Technology
State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology
Shakarim Semey State University
LLP Research and Production Center for Fisheries FC MEGNR RK
Faculty of Medicine
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