IMMUNISATION OF CHILDREN IN KAZAKHSTAN: ASSESSMENT OF COVERAGE AND BARRIERS TO VACCINATION REFUSALS IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL NETWORKS AND PARENTAL BELIEFS

Tursynbaev N. Zharmenov S. Dossanova A.
January 2025 Georgian Association of Business Press

Georgian Medical News
2025 #366 Issue 9 47 - 56 pp.

Objective: This study aims to assess childhood immunisation coverage in Kazakhstan, identify the main factors contributing to parental vaccine refusal, and examine the influence of social media and parental beliefs on immunisation decisions. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and DOAJ. Keywords included «Immunisation», «Vaccination Refusal», «Health Knowledge», «Kazakhstan», and «Public Health». Studies in English involving qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods were included, while case reports and nonEnglish publications were excluded. Results: Despite free access to vaccines, Kazakhstan has seen a decline in immunisation coverage since 2018, with measles outbreaks re-emerging in 2023. Parental vaccine hesitancy is influenced by safety concerns, misinformation, cultural beliefs, and limited trust in healthcare providers. Social media plays a dual role—while it can spread misinformation, it also offers an opportunity to increase awareness through targeted communication strategies. Key barriers include lack of healthcare access, socio-economic factors, and insufficient provider communication. Conclusion: Improving vaccination coverage in Kazakhstan requires a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare professionals, educators, policymakers, and the media. Efforts should focus on strengthening public trust, addressing misinformation, and adapting strategies to the local cultural and social context. Strengthening training for medical professionals and leveraging social media for evidence-based communication are essential steps to improve vaccine acceptance.

health knowledge , Immunisation , Kazakhstan , public health , vaccination refusal

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Municipal State Enterprise on the Right of Economic Management «City Multidisciplinary Hospital №2» of the Akimat of Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Surgical Diseases, Kazakhstan Medical University «KSPH», Kazakhstan
Elifai Clinic, Position: Chief Physician, Kazakhstan
State Municipal Enterprise on the Right of Economic Management «Regional Childrens Hospital» of the Health Department of Turkestan Region, Kazakhstan

Municipal State Enterprise on the Right of Economic Management «City Multidisciplinary Hospital №2» of the Akimat of Astana
Department of Surgical Diseases
Elifai Clinic
State Municipal Enterprise on the Right of Economic Management «Regional Childrens Hospital» of the Health Department of Turkestan Region

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