Productivity of Rainfed Winter Wheat with Direct Sowing and Economic Efficiency of Diversified Fertilization in Arid Region of South Kazakhstan
Turebayeva S. Zhapparova A. Yerkin A. Aisakulova K. Yesseyeva G. Bissembayev A. Saljnikov E.
January 2022MDPI
Agronomy
2022#12Issue 1
Reduced soil tillage is a powerful means to mitigate soil degradation. However, in arid climates, no-till rainfed technologies often result in yield drop due to lack of soil moisture and mineral nutrition. Rainfed production of winter wheat using direct sowing and diversified fertilization in South Kazakhstan was studied in 2019–2020. Eight field-scale treatments using nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were studied for biometric parameters of winter wheat. An economic profitability of the amendments used was assessed. The soil managed to accumulate productive moisture to support plants’ needs during formation of productive organs. Use of phosphorus fertilizer at direct sowing accelerated grain maturation, and the combination of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer lengthened the growing season. The highest production cost of 1 tonne of grain was in the plots that did not receive any amendments, and the lowest cost was in the treatment with use of plant growth stimulants together with micronutrient fertilizer. For the first time, optimization of the soil nutritional regime with consideration of the biological and phenological demands allowed for the balance of the plant nutrition and cost efficiency of grain production with direct sowing of winter wheat in dry conditions in South Kazakhstan.
Direct sowing , Growth stimulant , Micronutrients , Phosphorus , Soil moisture , Winter wheat
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Department of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Abai Avenue 8, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine Named after Zh. Zhiembaev, 1 Kultobe Street, Rakhat, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Laboratory of Agrochemistry and Quality of Fruit and Vegetable Products, Kazakh Research Institute of Fruit and Viticulture, 238 Gagarin Avenue, Almaty, 050060, Kazakhstan
Department of Standardization and Food Technologies, Kostanay Engineering and Economics University Named after M. Dulatov, Kostanay, 110000, Kazakhstan
LLP, 1419 Office, Scientific and Production Centre for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Kenesary Street 40, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Pedology, Institute of Soil Science, Teodora Drajzera 7, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
Mitscherlich Academy for Soil Fertility (MITAK) GmbH, Prof.-Mitscherlich-Allee 1, Paulinenaue, 14641, Germany
Department of Soil Science and Agrochemistry
Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine Named after Zh. Zhiembaev
Laboratory of Agrochemistry and Quality of Fruit and Vegetable Products
Department of Standardization and Food Technologies
LLP
Department of Pedology
Mitscherlich Academy for Soil Fertility (MITAK) GmbH
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