Decentralized Frequency Regulation by Using Novel PID Sliding Mode Structure in Multi-Area Power Systems with Hydropower Turbines

Trong Tran D. Tran A.-T. Van Huynh V. Duc Do T.
2025 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

IEEE Access
2025 #13 18850 - 18862 pp.

This paper introduces a novel sliding mode control (SMC) design utilizing a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Sliding Surface (SS) for frequency regulation in multi-area electrical power systems (EPSs) with hydropower turbines, accounting for random load conditions, parameter variations, and matched uncertainties. The global system stability of this new approach is mathematically analyzed using Lyapunov theory alongside a novel Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) technique. A robust strategy is employed through the reaching law method to ensure that frequency deviations converge to zero, even under varying load demands. Despite the presence of parameter variations and random load conditions, the control objectives remain achievable, highlighting the robustness of the proposed method. Moreover, this strategy results in lower overshoot, quicker response times, and reduced chattering effects compared to current traditional SMCs including Proportional-Integral (PI), double PI (DPI), and Proportional-Derivative (PD) sliding surfaces, demonstrating its advantages. Finally, the effectiveness of the suggested scheme is further verified based on three-area EPSs with matched uncertainties, indicating that the proposed scheme achieves stable and robust performance, further confirming its superiority through simulation results.

Electrical power system , load frequency control , sliding mode control

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Ton Duc Thang University, Modeling Evolutionary Algorithms Simulation and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
Nazarbayev University, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences (SEDS), Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

Ton Duc Thang University
Nazarbayev University

10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель

Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026