The impact of exercise on cardiovascular system: Molecular signaling pathway and cardiac adaptations

Toktarbay B. Khamitova Z. Zholshybek N. Jumadilova D. Rakhmanov Y. Bekbossynova M. Gaipov A. Salustri A.
2023 National Scientific Medical Center

Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan
2023 #20 Issue 6 4 - 11 pp.

The purpose of this review is to describe the impact of endurance and strength physical training on the cardiovascular system by reviewing the molecular signaling pathways, which plays a key role in different muscle adaptations, and the cardiac changes in terms of metabolic and cardiac remodeling, and hemodynamics. In response to endurance-exercise, multiple signaling pathways, including Ca²⁺-dependent pathways, reactive oxygen species (ROS), AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK), and mitogen activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK), are involved in the regulation of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), which controls the mitochondrial biogenesis. Strength training increases the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) which initiates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-k)-(AKT)-(mTOR) signaling cascade, resulting in the synthesis of proteins and the muscle hypertrophy. In addition to the well-documented changes in skeletal muscle, a critical component of the response to exercise training is the dynamic cardiac remodeling, which is classified as either pathological or physiological depending on triggers.

exercise physiology , sports cardiology , sports medicine

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Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Radiology Unit, National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana, Kazakhstan
Cardiology Unit No2, National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana, Kazakhstan

Department of Medicine
Radiology Unit
Cardiology Unit No2

10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель

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