Modeling of Hydrodynamics of Agglomeration of Low-Grade Phosphorites in the Presence of Phosphate-Siliceous Shales and Oil Sludge
Tleuova S. Turishbekov Z. Tileuberdi A. Pazylova D. Iristaev I. Ulbekova M. Sagindikova N.
December 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
ChemEngineering
2025#9Issue 6
The purpose of this study is to develop a multiphysical model of agglomeration of low-grade phosphorites with the addition of phosphate-siliceous shales and oil sludge. To achieve these tasks, a numerical approach was used in the COMSOL Multiphysics environment, based on solving the related problems of heat transfer and hydrodynamics during heat treatment of the material. A laboratory vertical tubular furnace made of heat-resistant quartz glass with electric heating was used to study the effect of the temperature field and the velocity of gases on the degree of sintering and the dynamics of phosphorous agglomerate formation under various technological conditions. It has been established that the optimal temperature for the agglomeration process is a layer temperature of 950–1000 °C at a gas flow rate of 1.5–2 m/s, which ensures the formation of durable granules and minimizes sintering heterogeneity. The maximum sintering layer height of the test charge reaches 210–230 mm at pressures of 0.015–0.027 MPa. A comparison of the numerical simulation results with experimental data showed a good agreement, which confirms the practical significance of the proposed model for the design and optimization of industrial processes of agglomeration of phosphorous raw materials. Modern physical and chemical analyses have established the phase, microstructural, and element-by-element characteristics of the studied phosphate-siliceous shale and the product of agglomeration firing. The results of modeling the hydrodynamics of the charge agglomeration process can be recommended to increase the efficiency of processing phosphate-containing waste and reduce energy consumption.
agglomeration , chemical engineering , COMSOL Multiphysics , heat transfer , hydrodynamics , oil sludge , phosphate-siliceous shales , phosphorites , porous medium
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Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, 160012, Kazakhstan
Department of Ecology, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, 160012, Kazakhstan
Department of Physics, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, 160012, Kazakhstan
Research Laboratory “Multiphysical Modeling of Structures, Devices and Processes”, Shymkent, 160012, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
Department of Ecology
Department of Physics
Research Laboratory “Multiphysical Modeling of Structures
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