State of the Art of Remote Sensing Data: Gradient Pattern in Pseudocolor Composite Images
Terekhov A. Mukhamediev R.I. Savin I.
January 2026Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Journal of Imaging
2026#12Issue 1
The thematic processing of pseudocolor composite images, especially those created from remote sensing data, is of considerable interest. The set of spectral classes comprising such images is typically described by a nominal scale, meaning the absence of any predetermined relationships between the classes. However, in many cases, images of this type may contain elements of a regular spatial order, one variant of which is a gradient structure. Gradient structures are characterized by a certain regular spatial ordering of spectral classes. Recognizing gradient patterns in the structure of pseudocolor composite images opens up new possibilities for deeper thematic images processing. This article describes an algorithm for analyzing the spatial structure of a pseudocolor composite image to identify gradient patterns. In this process, the initial nominal scale of spectral classes is transformed into a rank scale of the gradient legend. The algorithm is based on the analysis of Moore neighborhoods for each image pixel. This creates an array of the prevalence of all types of local binary patterns (the pixel’s nearest neighbors). All possible variants of the spectral class rank scale composition are then considered. The rank scale variant that describes the largest proportion of image pixels within its gradient order is used as a final result. The user can independently define the criteria for the significance of the gradient order in the analyzed image, focusing either on the overall statistics of the proportion of pixels consistent with the spatial structure of the selected gradient or on the statistics of a selected key image region. The proposed algorithm is illustrated using analysis of test examples.
gradient pattern , image texture analysis , local binary pattern , neighborhood matrix , nominal scale , pseudocolor composite image , rank scale , remote sensing data
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Institute of Information and Computing Technology, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Institute of Automation and Information Technologies, Satbayev University (KazNRTU), Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, Moscow, 119017, Russian Federation
Institute of Information and Computing Technology
Institute of Automation and Information Technologies
V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026