Biomass Derived High Porous Carbon via CO2 Activation for Supercapacitor Electrodes


Taurbekov A. Abdisattar A. Atamanov M. Yeleuov M. Daulbayev C. Askaruly K. Kaidar B. Mansurov Z. Castro-Gutierrez J. Celzard A. Fierro V. Atamanova T.
October 2023Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)

Journal of Composites Science
2023#7Issue 10

In this study, we systematically study the efficient production method and electrochemical characteristics of activated carbons (AC) derived from rice husk (RH) and walnut shell (WS). In particular, the effectiveness of physical activation using carbon dioxide (CO2) was investigated and compared with the more common chemical activation method using potassium hydroxide (KOH). The results show that the KOH–activated samples have remarkable specific capacities, reaching 157.8 F g−1 for RH and 152 F g−1 for WS at 1 A g−1. However, the rate capability of AC obtained via KOH decreases significantly as the scanning rate increases, retaining only 51.5% and 68% of their original capacities for RH–KOH and WS–KOH, respectively, at 20 A g–1. In contrast, CO2–activated samples show a superior rate performance with a capacity retention of 75.6% for WS and 80% for RH at the same current density. In addition, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis shows that AC obtained via CO2 has a lower charge transfer resistance compared to its KOH counterparts. CO2–activated RH and WS electrodes show Rct values of 0.1 Ω and 0.24 Ω, respectively, indicating improved ion transport kinetics and surface area utilization. These results highlight the importance of activation techniques in tailoring the electrochemical behavior of biomass–derived carbon. This study not only expands the understanding of the interaction between activation, morphology, and performance but also indicates the potential of CO2 activation as an environmentally friendly and efficient alternative. As the field of sustainable energy storage advances, this work provides valuable guidance for the development of high–performance supercapacitor electrodes with less environmental impact.

activated carbon , biowaste derived , chemical activation , physical activation , supercapacitors

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Institute of Combustion Problems, 172 Bogenbay Batyr Str, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Bes Saiman Group, 171a Zharokov Str, Almaty, 050057, Kazakhstan
Institute of Combustion Problems, Satbayev University, 22a Satpaev Str, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1 Ibragimova Str, Almaty, 050032, Kazakhstan
National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, Epinal, 88000, France

Institute of Combustion Problems
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Bes Saiman Group
Institute of Combustion Problems
Institute of Nuclear Physics
National Laboratory Astana
Université de Lorraine

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