Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes: Architectures, Signal Processing, Error Compensation, and Emerging Trends
Tashtay Y. Smailov N. Naubetov D. Sabibolda A. Nussupov Y. Kashkimbayeva N. Mailybayev Y. Batyrgaliyev A.
February 2026Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks
2026#15Issue 1
Fiber-optic gyroscopes (FOGs) have become one of the most important elements of modern inertial navigation systems due to their high accuracy, reliability, and independence from external signals such as satellite navigation. This review analyzes and discusses the key FOG architectures: interferometric (IFOG), resonant (RFOG), digital (DFOG), and hybrid (HFOG). The concepts of their functioning, structural features, and the main advantages and limitations of each architecture are examined. Particular focus is placed on advanced signal-processing and error-compensation algorithms, including filtering techniques, noise suppression, mitigation of thermal and mechanical drifts, and emerging machine learning (ML) based approaches. The analysis of these architectures is carried out in terms of major parameters that determine accuracy, robustness, and miniaturization potential. Various applications of FOGs in space systems, ground platforms, marine and underwater navigation, aviation, and scientific research are also being considered. Finally, the latest development trends are summarized, with a particular focus on miniaturization, integration with additional sensors, and the introduction of digital and AI-driven solutions, aimed at achieving higher accuracy, long-term stability, and resilience to real-world disturbances.
autonomous navigation , digital signal processing , error compensation , fiber-optic gyroscope , inertial navigation , machine learning , miniaturization , Sagnac effect
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Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Space Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Department of Cybersecurity, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications Named After Gumarbek Daukeyev, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Department of Computer Engineering, Astana IT University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Computer Technology and Telecommunications, International University of Transport and Humanities, Almaty, 050063, Kazakhstan
Department of Electronics
Department of Cybersecurity
Department of Computer Engineering
Department of Computer Technology and Telecommunications
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Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026