Intranasal monoclonal antibodies to mugwort pollen reduce allergic inflammation in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis and asthma

Tabynov K. Nedushenko I. Tailakova E. Sergazina A. Bolatbekov T. Fomin G. Nurpeissov T. Vaghasiya U. Petrovsky N. Demyanov A. Lebedin Y. Tabynov K.
2025 Frontiers Media SA

Frontiers in Immunology
2025 #16

Introduction: Allergen-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have recently emerged as promising tools in allergy therapy, particularly for patients who do not respond adequately to allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). While previous studies have explored systemic delivery routes, the efficacy of local intranasal administration of allergen-specific mAb remains largely unexplored. Artemisia vulgaris pollen is among the top global aeroallergens, strongly associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma. Methods: Hybridoma-derived murine IgG₁ mAb specific to A. vulgaris pollen extract were generated and screened in vitro for their ability to block both mouse and human IgE binding to crude pollen extract and its major allergen, Art v 1. A lead mAb candidate was selected for in vivo evaluation using a BALB/c mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. The mAb was administered intranasally one hour prior to each of three consecutive allergen challenges. Clinical symptoms, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), lung cytokine profiles, and histopathological changes in nasal and lung tissues were assessed. Results: Five IgG₁ mAb recognising A. vulgaris extract were generated, with clone XA19 being the most potent, with high-affinity binding and IgE-blocking activity for both pollen extract (18-22% inhibition) and recombinant Art v 1 protein (52% inhibition). Intranasal pretreatment with XA19 prior to allergen challenge in pre-sensitised mice resulted in significant suppression of the ear swelling response, rhinitis symptoms, AHR, and lung and nasal turbinate inflammation. Pulmonary levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-5) were markedly reduced in mAb-pretreated mice, while total serum IgE levels remained largely unaffected. Conclusion: Intranasal delivery of allergen-specific mAbs represents a novel, non-invasive strategy to prevent both upper and lower airway allergic inflammation. Our findings establish proof-of-concept for this approach and warrant further development. Copyright

airway inflammation , allergen-specific monoclonal antibody , allergic rhinitis , Artemisia vulgaris , asthma , IgE-blocking antibody , intranasal immunotherapy , Th2 cytokines

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International Center for Vaccinology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University (KazNARU), Almaty, Kazakhstan
Preclinical Research Laboratory with Vivarium, M. Aikimbayev National Research Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan
T&TvaX LLC, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of General Immunology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University (KazNMU), Almaty, Kazakhstan
Vaxine Pty Ltd, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Xema Oy, Lappeenranta, Finland
Republican Allergy Center, Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Almaty, Kazakhstan

International Center for Vaccinology
Preclinical Research Laboratory with Vivarium
T&TvaX LLC
Department of General Immunology
Vaxine Pty Ltd
Xema Oy
Republican Allergy Center

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Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026