Fire Refining of Rough Antimony from Impurities for Obtaining High-Grade Antimony

Sydykov A.O. Zharmenov A.A. Mazulevsky E.A. Seidakhmetova N.M. Mnadzharova A.
January 2022 Springer

Metallurgist
2022 #65 Issue 9-10 1187 - 1195 pp.

Results of an investigation aimed at optimizing the fire refining process for purification and extraction of antimony into a high-grade commercial metallic product are presented. Various refining agents were used for refining from lead, tin, iron, and arsenic. As a result of research, a method for fire refining of rough antimony was developed to obtain a high-grade metal with a content of not less than 99.65% Sb and not more than 2000 ppm Pb versus (1.4–2.6)⋅10⁴ ppm, 1000 ppm As versus (1–3)⋅10⁴ ppm, 20 ppm Sn versus (1.2–4)⋅10⁴ ppm, and 50 ppm Fe versus (0.6–1.4)⋅10⁴ ppm. In order to reveal the chemical mechanism of rough antimony refining by phosphorus compounds, the thermal behavior of model samples was studied. Lead oxide was shown to interact with phosphorus compounds though the formation of stable phosphates. Tin is oxidized in the system to form refining compounds and slagged in the oxide form. A loss of antimony with the slag phase was determined to be a consequence of complex phosphate formation. A close to optimal ratio of P₂O₅/Na₂O in the refining mixture, equal to six or higher, was determined. The melt based on sodium dihydrogen phosphate NaH₂PO₄ and orthophosphoric acid was found to be the most suitable in terms of flux consumption, refining efficiency, availability, cost, and practicality.

and arsenic , fire refining , lead , metal grade , reagent mode , refining flux , refining from iron , rough antimony , tin

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Republican State Enterprise “National Center for Complex Processing of Mineral Raw Materials of the Republic of Kazakhstan”, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Republican State Enterprise “National Center for Complex Processing of Mineral Raw Materials of the Republic of Kazakhstan”

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