Gravity Concentration of Gold-Bearing Ores and Processing of Concentrates: A Review
Surimbayev B. Bolotova L. Akcil A. Yessengarayev Y. Khumarbekuly Y. Kanaly Y. Akzharkenov M.
2025Taylor and Francis Ltd.
Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review
2025#46Issue 7726 - 750 pp.
Gold has been one of the most valued metals throughout human history. Traditionally, gravity plants primarily utilized equipment designed to recover only coarse-grained free gold, including jigs, spiral separators, cone concentrators, shaking tables, sluices, and hydrocyclones. The introduction of centrifugal concentrators in the 1980s initiated a trend toward more compact, simplified, and low-maintenance circuits. The use of centrifugal concentrators such as Knelson, Falcon, Multi-gravity separator (MGS), Kelsey, and Itomak has significantly enhanced the recovery of fine gold particles. A review of studies comparing centrifugal equipment, highlighting their main technological advantages, and disadvantages is presented. Depending on their mineral composition, the concentrates obtained can be processed by various methods. Due to increasingly stringent environmental regulations, there is a growing trend to abandon pyrometallurgical methods in favor of developing hydrometallurgical methods for processing gravity concentrates. Particular attention is given to the intensive cyanidation of concentrates. The main technological advantages and disadvantages of intensive cyanidation reactors, specifically Consep Acacia, ILR Gekko, and August Irgiredmet are discussed. Additionally, examples of intensifying chemical reagents used as additives in the intensive cyanidation of concentrates, along with their main characteristics are provided.
centrifugal concentrator , Gold , gold-bearing ores , gravity concentration , intensifying reagents , intensive cyanidation
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Laboratory of Precious Metals, Kazmekhanobr State Scientific Production Association of Industrial Ecology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
School of Mining and Geosciences (SMG), Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Department of Metallurgical Processes, Heat Engineering and Technology of Special Materials, Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
School of Material Science and Green Technology, Kazakh-British Technical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Laboratory of Precious Metals
School of Mining and Geosciences (SMG)
Department of Metallurgical Processes
School of Material Science and Green Technology
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