Redox-active hybrid titanium dioxide with diaminopropane functionality for synergistic adsorption–catalysis of gaseous formaldehyde
Sun S. Vikrant K. Maitlo H.A. Kim K.-H. Boukhvalov D.W.
2025KeAi Communications Co.
Nano Materials Science
2025
Efficient removal of formaldehyde (FA) under practical conditions remains challenging because of limitations in common remediation tools, such as low FA adsorption capacity and/or poor charge separation efficiency under weak illumination (visible or ultraviolet (UV)). To overcome these challenges, a redox-active organic-inorganic hybrid system has been developed by modifying titanium dioxide (TiO2) with diaminopropane (DAP). The resulting DAP/TiO2 composite is integrated into a prototype air purifier (AP) and operated under low UV light intensity (25.9 W m−2) at a flow rate of 160 L min−1. Mechanistic studies reveal that the amine (-NH2) groups in DAP enhance FA adsorption and facilitate electron accumulation at the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), promoting superoxide radical formation. Concurrently, DAP induces oxygen vacancies and surface band bending on TiO2, improving charge separation and generating highly oxidizing holes. The optimal 1%-DAP/TiO2 delivers performance metrics far surpassing those of pure TiO2, including a clean air delivery rate of 23.3 L min−1, a kinetic rate of 0.84 mmol h−1 g−1 at a 10% removal efficiency (RE), and a mass-normalized apparent quantum yield of 0.106 molecules photon−1 g−1. This superior activity is supported by density functional theory simulation, which reveals that DAP adsorption on oxygen-deficient TiO2 surfaces successfully induces band-edge shifts and surface hydroxylation to enhance photocatalytic mechanism. Ultimately, these findings provide a rational design strategy for hybrid photocatalysts and mechanistic insights necessary for practical FA abatement in indoor air purification.
Air purification , Diaminopropane , Formaldehyde , Photocatalysis , Titanium dioxide
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Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
College of Engineering and Computer Science, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Gia Lâm, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
College of Science, Institute of Materials Physics and Chemistry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbaev University, 11 Ibragimov Street, Almty, 050032, Kazakhstan
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
College of Engineering and Computer Science
College of Science
Institute of Physics and Technology
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Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026