GNSS for High-Precision and Reliable Positioning: A Review of Correction Techniques and System Architectures
Sukhenko A. Meirambekuly N. Syzdykov A. Mukhamedgali A. Mellatova Y.
November 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
2025#15Issue 22
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the existing approaches to ensuring high-precision and reliable GNSS positioning. The purpose of this review is to examine modern approaches to mitigating the main factors affecting GNSS receiver accuracy, including atmospheric delays, ephemeris and clock errors, multipath, and receiver noise, and to highlight the key open challenges in high-precision positioning and error correction. The article presents various error correction techniques and provides their analysis. It presents modern architectural solutions for GNSS receivers aimed at providing high-precision and reliable positioning (conventional, software-defined, multi-frequency and multi-constellation, cloud/edge, integrated GNSS/INS/LiDAR, and integrated GNSS/IoT) and their comparative analysis. The resulting overview will be useful for further research in the field of high-precision navigation.
accuracy improvement , correction techniques , GNSS , high-precision positioning , system architectures
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Department of Science and Innovation, School of Information Technology and Engineering, Kazakh-British Technical University, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
Center of Space Technologies, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Ecology Research Institute, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, 190000, Kazakhstan
Department of Space Engineering and Technology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan
Institute of Communication and Space Engineering, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Department of Science and Innovation
Center of Space Technologies
Ecology Research Institute
Department of Space Engineering and Technology
Institute of Communication and Space Engineering
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