External radiation dose reconstruction for settlements near the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site, Kazakhstan, in the international multicenter study: a detailed review and comparative analysis of the initial data
Stepanenko V. Shinkarev S. Lipikhina A. Apsalikov K. Kaprin A. Ivanov S. Shegay P. Ostroumova E. Bogacheva V. Brait Y. Zhumadilov K. Yamamoto M. Sakaguchi A. Endo S. Fujimoto N. Grosche B. Iatsenko V. Androsova A. Kawano N. Hoshi M.
1 September 2025Oxford University Press
Journal of Radiation Research
2025#66Issue 5496 - 508 pp.
Studies on health effects of radiation exposure to residents around the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site (SNTS), Kazakhstan, are necessary for epidemiological assessment of radiation-related health risks after low-dose irradiation. Radiation dose estimates are the principal point for radiation epidemiological studies. These estimates should be based on the most reliable initial data, used for dose estimations. The comparative critical analysis of various available archival and published initial data, namely values of historical exposure dose rates and values of soil contamination by 137Cs in considered settlements, including information about dates, times and locations of measurements, was performed with the aim to select most reliable and realistic initial data necessary for estimation of settlement-average accumulated external doses for some settlements located in the vicinity of radioactive clouds’ trajectories related to the most significant tests at the SNTS. Results of estimation of accumulated external radiation dose to air, based on these selected initial data, are presented for 18 settlements. Calculated accumulated external doses were compared with retrospective instrumental dose estimates for settlements, where data on TL/OSL luminescence retrospective dosimetry with quartz-containing samples or electron spin resonance (ESR) dosimetry with tooth enamel were available. Estimation of settlement-average external radiation dose to air is the first important step necessary for the next step—individualized radiation dose estimations among different age, professional and ethnic-specific groups of population lived in the study settlements considering behavior, shielding, location and relocation factors in each population group. This is a subject of future work.
137Cs soil contamination , accumulated radiation dose to air , ESR and TL/OSL dosimetry , exposure dose rates , retrospective dosimetry , Semipalatinsk nuclear test site
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A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroleva St., Kaluga Region, Obninsk, 2490036, Russian Federation
State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 46 Zhivopisnaya St., Moscow, 123098, Russian Federation
Scientific Research Institute of Radiation Medicine and Ecology, Semey Medical University, 258 Gagarin St., Semey, 071407, Kazakhstan
National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 4 Koroleva St., Kaluga Region, Obninsk, 249003, Russian Federation
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
P.A. Hertzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Drive 3, Moscow, 125284, Russian Federation
Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer/WHO, 25 avenue Tony Garnier, Lyon, 69366, France
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, 13 Munaitpasova St., Office 300, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan
Low-Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Wakemachi O24, Ishikawa, Nomi, 923-1224, Japan
Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan
Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
Consultant, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany, Grasmueckenweg 19, Freising, 85356, Germany
The Center for Peace, Hiroshima University, Higashisenda-machi 1-1-89, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-0053, Japan
A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre
State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency
Scientific Research Institute of Radiation Medicine and Ecology
National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
P.A. Hertzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute
Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Low-Level Radioactivity Laboratory
Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences
Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering
Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine
Consultant
The Center for Peace
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