HPLC-DAD profiling, antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antidiabetic activities of four Algerian edible plant extracts: An in vitro and in silico study
Siga D.E. Bakchiche B. Çakır C. Tuna K. Öztürk M. Tounsi A. Sabour R. Ghareeb M.A.
September 2025Elsevier B.V.
South African Journal of Botany
2025#184588 - 602 pp.
Algerian flora has been a rich source of medicinal and nutritional benefits for centuries. This study investigates the methanolic extracts of four Algerian edible plants (Ficus carica L., Olea europaea L., Pistacia atlantica Desf., and Zizyphus lotus L. (Desf.)) for their bioactive potential. HPLC-DAD analysis identified a diverse range of phenolic compounds. Mainly, oleuropein (335.5 mg/g extract) was the main compound in O. europaea, while epicatechin (981.2 mg/g), catechin (498.4 mg/g), and pyrocatechol (363.0 mg/g) were identified in P. atlantica. Additionally, rutin (37.97 mg/g) and epicatechin (34.35 mg/g) were major compounds in Z. lotus, and chlorogenic acid (10.18 mg/g) was detected alongside rutin (4.88 mg/g) in F. carica. Antioxidant activity was assessed using ABTS, DPPH, and CUPRAC assays, revealing P. atlantica as the most potent extract (IC50: 2.65, 3.49, and 6.94 µg/mL, respectively). Z. lotus exhibited the strongest in vitro anticholinesterase activity (IC50: 29.16 µg/mL against BChE), while O. europaea demonstrated significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50: 44.78 µg/mL), suggesting potential applications in neuroprotection and diabetes management. Molecular docking analysis further supported these findings, highlighting key interactions between bioactive compounds and enzyme binding sites. These results underline the therapeutic relevance of Algerian plants as natural sources of antioxidants, anticholinesterases, and antidiabetic agents. Future studies will validate their clinical efficacy and pharmaceutical potential through isolation and in vivo experiments.
Anticholinesterase , Antidiabetic , Antioxidant , Ficus carica L. , Good health and well-being , HPLC-DAD , Molecular docking , Olea europaea L. , Pistacia atlantica Desf. , Zizyphus lotus L. (Desf.)
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Laboratory of Biological and Agronomic Sciences (LBAS), Amar Telidji University, Laghouat, 03000, Algeria
Research Unit of Medicinal Plant (RUMP, 3000, Laghouat) attached to Biotechnology research center (CRBt, 25000, Constantine), Laghouat, 03000, Algeria
Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry 48121 Menteşe Muğla, Turkey
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Technology, University Amar Telidji-Laghouat, B.P 37 G, Laghouat, 03000, Algeria
Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
Medicinal Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt
Laboratory of Biological and Agronomic Sciences (LBAS)
Research Unit of Medicinal Plant (RUMP
Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Faculty of Technology
Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design
Medicinal Chemistry Department
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