Structure, Synthesis and Properties of Antimony Oxychlorides: A Brief Review
Shongalova A. Kemelbekova A. Umirzakov A. Tashmukhanbetova I. Dmitriyeva E.
November 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Processes
2025#13Issue 11
Antimony oxychloride compounds represent a distinct class of inorganic materials that combine structural features characteristic of both oxides and halides. Their compositional flexibility and anisotropic properties make them promising candidates for use in photocatalytic systems, optoelectronic devices, flame-retardant coatings, and energy storage technologies. This review provides an overview of the structural characteristics and synthesis strategies associated with key members of the SbxOyClz family, including SbOCl, Sb4O5Cl2, and Sb8O11Cl2. Emphasis is placed on how synthesis parameters—such as temperature, pH, and precursor composition—govern phase formation, morphology, and resulting properties. Recent advances in composite engineering, controlled doping, and surface modification are discussed as effective routes to overcome limitations such as low conductivity and chemical instability. The broader significance of antimony as a strategic element is also addressed in the context of global resource availability and its role in sustainable technologies. Overall, these materials provide a versatile platform for the design of multifunctional systems tailored to meet future demands in materials science and applied engineering.
antimony , antimony oxychloride , antimony oxyhalides , energy , flame retardant , photocatalysis , SbOCl compounds
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Laboratory of Photovoltaic Phenomena and Devices, Institute of Physics and Technology, Satbayev University, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
LLP Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Almaty, 050043, Kazakhstan
Laboratory of Photovoltaic Phenomena and Devices
LLP Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering
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