Perfectionism of students in China, Kazakhstan and Russia in the paradigm of cultural-historical theory
Перфекционизм студентов Китая, Казахстана и России в парадигме культурно-исторической теории
Sheraly B.S. Zhong T. Rogaleva L.N. Kim A.M. Aldabergenov N.A.
2025Moscow State University of Psychology and Education
Cultural-Historical Psychology
2025#21Issue 227 - 38 pp.
Context and Relevance. The pursuit of higher education and a successful career has become a dominant trend among contemporary youth, closely linked to the rise of perfectionism in this demographic. Within the framework of cultural-historical theory, student perfectionism should be examined through the lens of the social situation of development. Objective. This study aims to compare the levels of perfectionism among students in China, Kazakhstan, and Russia, with a specific focus on gender differences. Hypothesis. It is hypothesized that perfectionism among students from China, Kazakhstan, and Russia will differ due to the presence of socio-cultural norms that have historically evolved within each society and are transmitted through upbringing. Methods and Materials. The sample comprised 249 students from China (54,6% male, 45,4% female), 298 from Kazakhstan (40,3% male, 59,7% female), and 190 from Russia (40,5% male, 59,5% female). The Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS, Frost et al., 1990) was employed. Results. The study revealed differences between maladaptive and adaptive perfectionism traits in students across dif- ferent countries. Chinese students exhibited significantly higher levels of parental criticism, while Kazakh students reported higher parental expectations, underscoring the pivotal role of cultural norms transmitted by older generations. Gender comparisons revealed that adaptive perfectionism was significantly higher among male students in China and Russia compared to their female counterparts; no such differences were observed in Kazakhstan. Conclusions. The significance of sociocultural factors in the development of stu- dent perfectionism has been empirically confirmed. The results may inform the design of psychological and pedagogical interventions for students from diverse cultural backgrounds.
China , cross-cultural comparison , Kazakhstan , perfectionism , Russia , students
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Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Henan Normal University, Henan, Xinxiang, China
Department of Theory of Physical Education, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Graduate School of Business, Faculty of Business Administration, Turan University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Henan Normal University
Department of Theory of Physical Education
Graduate School of Business
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