The Iodine–Dextrin–Lithium Complex: Morphology, Antibacterial Activity, and Cytotoxicity
Shepilov D. Turganbay S. Jumagaziyeva A. Bukeyeva T. Askarova D. Bolatova D. Doszhanov Y. Zhumazhanov A. Kerimkulova A. Saurykova K. Sabitov A.
December 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Molecules
2025#30Issue 24
A new iodine–dextrin–lithium complex (IDLC) was synthesized and structurally characterized as a hybrid supramolecular system combining antiseptic, stabilizing, and biocompatible components. The compound integrates iodine as the primary antimicrobial agent, lithium as a coordination and stabilization element, and dextrin as a biodegradable polysaccharide matrix enabling sustained release. Physicochemical analyses confirmed the formation of a uniform, thermally stable complex. Biological evaluation revealed strong bactericidal activity, with minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) ranging from 1.95 to 15.63 µg mL−1 against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. Cytotoxicity studies revealed moderate, concentration-dependent effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (CC50 = 0.23–0.48 mg/mL; 11.7–24.4 μg I/mL) and low toxicity toward MDCK cells (CC50 = 10–20 mg/mL; 507–1014 μg I/mL), confirming a favorable safety profile. IDLC exhibited cytotoxic effects on tumor cell lines (HepG2, HeLa, AGS, K562, and H9) as well as on the normal MeT-5A cell line; however, the CC50 values are similar, and selectivity indices are close to 1, indicating no selective cytotoxicity toward tumor cells. Thus, IDLC demonstrates non-specific cytotoxicity at high concentrations, consistent with its iodine content. The research confirms that iodine can be effectively stabilized within a dextrin-lithium framework to yield a biologically active, thermally resistant complex, suitable for pharmaceutical use.
antimicrobial activity , cytotoxicity , dextrin , iodine , polymer–iodine complex
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JSC Scientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs, Almaty, 050060, Kazakhstan
Departement of Science, International IT University, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan
Department of Material Sciences, Nanotechnology and Engineering Physics, Satbayev University, Satbayev Str. 22a, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan
Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
JSC Scientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs
Departement of Science
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Department of Material Sciences
Institute of Combustion Problems
Faculty of Natural Sciences
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