Paclitaxel: Application in Modern Oncology and Nanomedicine-Based Cancer Therapy
Sharifi-Rad J. Quispe C. Patra J.K. Singh Y.D. Panda M.K. Das G. Adetunji C.O. Michael O.S. Sytar O. Polito L. Živković J. Cruz-Martins N. Klimek-Szczykutowicz M. Ekiert H. Choudhary M.I. Ayatollahi S.A. Tynybekov B. Kobarfard F. Muntean A.C. Grozea I. Daştan S.D. Butnariu M. Szopa A. Calina D.
2021Hindawi Limited
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
2021#2021
Paclitaxel is a broad-spectrum anticancer compound, which was derived mainly from a medicinal plant, in particular, from the bark of the yew tree Taxus brevifolia Nutt. It is a representative of a class of diterpene taxanes, which are nowadays used as the most common chemotherapeutic agent against many forms of cancer. It possesses scientifically proven anticancer activity against, e.g., ovarian, lung, and breast cancers. The application of this compound is difficult because of limited solubility, recrystalization upon dilution, and cosolvent-induced toxicity. In these cases, nanotechnology and nanoparticles provide certain advantages such as increased drug half-life, lowered toxicity, and specific and selective delivery over free drugs. Nanodrugs possess the capability to buildup in the tissue which might be linked to enhanced permeability and retention as well as enhanced antitumour influence possessing minimal toxicity in normal tissues. This article presents information about paclitaxel, its chemical structure, formulations, mechanism of action, and toxicity. Attention is drawn on nanotechnology, the usefulness of nanoparticles containing paclitaxel, its opportunities, and also future perspective. This review article is aimed at summarizing the current state of continuous pharmaceutical development and employment of nanotechnology in the enhancement of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of paclitaxel as a chemotherapeutic agent.
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Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique, 1110939, Chile
Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University, Goyangsi, South Korea
Department of Post-Harvest Technology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Arunachal Pradesh, Pasighat, 791102, India
Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Odisha, Bhubaneswar, 751013, India
Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University Iyamho, PMB 04, Edo State, Auchi, Nigeria
Cardiometabolic Research Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Osun State, Iwo, Nigeria
Department of Plant Biology Department, Institute of Biology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, 94976, Slovakia
Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, Bologna, 40126, Italy
Institute for Medicinal Plants Research Dr. Josif Pančić, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, Gandra, 4585-116, Portugal
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, Kraków, 30-688, Poland
H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Biodiversity of Bioresources, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Banats Univ. of Agric. Sciences and Veterinary Medicine King Michael i of Romania from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkey
Beekeeping Development Application and Research Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkey
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, 200349, Romania
Phytochemistry Research Center
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science
Department of Post-Harvest Technology
Environment and Sustainability Department
Applied Microbiology
Cardiometabolic Research Unit
Department of Plant Biology Department
Department of Plant Physiology
Department of Experimental
Institute for Medicinal Plants Research Dr. Josif Pančić
Faculty of Medicine
Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S)
Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU)
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany
H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry
Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology
Department of Biodiversity of Bioresources
Department of Medicinal Chemistry
Banats Univ. of Agric. Sciences and Veterinary Medicine King Michael i of Romania from Timisoara
Department of Biology
Beekeeping Development Application and Research Center
Department of Clinical Pharmacy
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