Accessory Minerals in the Chromitite Ores of Dzharlybutak Ore Group of Kempirsai Massif (Southern Urals, Kazakhstan): Clues for Ore Genesis
Saveliev D.E. Makatov D.K. Vishnevskiy A.V. Gataullin R.A.
February 2023MDPI
Minerals
2023#13Issue 2
The paper provides results of a detailed mineralogical study of some chromitite ores from two deposits in the Southern Urals of Kazakhstan: Almaz-Zhemchuzhina and Geofizicheskoe-VII. It is revealed that the main ore minerals are Cr-spinel with high Cr# (Cr/(Cr + Al) = 0.8–0.83), as well as serpentine and chlorite, replacing primary olivine. Chromium spinel grains contain mineral inclusions, which are distributed rather unevenly. The most common mineral inclusions are olivine (serpentine) and amphibole; phlogopite, pyroxenes, and base metal sulfides are rare. Olivine from inclusions in chromite is the highest in magnesium (Fo97–98), and is anomalously high in nickel (up to 1.8 wt.% NiO). The closure of exchange reactions between olivine and chromite occurred in the temperature range of 700–850 °C and in the oxygen fugacity range of −1.04 … +2.8 ΔFMQ, which most likely corresponds to the upper mantle settings of the fore-arc basin. A few tens of monomineral grains and polymineral intergrowths of platinum group minerals (PGMs) were found in chromite aggregates. Notably, monomineral grains are mainly represented by Ru, Os, and Ir disulfides, while in polymineral inclusions, iridium prevails (with widespread native phases, sulfides, and sulfoarsenides). PGM grains included in chromite are often associated with hydrous silicates: amphibole, and less often with phlogopite or chlorite. Discussed in the paper is the possible genesis of ores and inclusions. As a preliminary conclusion, we suggest that the solid-phase processes played the most significant role in the crystallization of Cr-spinel in the investigated chromitite ores.
amphibole , chromitite ores , Cr-spinel , Kempirsai , olivine , ophiolite , PGM , ultramafic rock
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Institute of Geology UFRC RAS, Karl Marks Str., 16/2, Ufa, 450077, Russian Federation
Department of Geology and Exploration of Mineral Deposits, Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, Nursultan Nazarbaev Av., 56, Karaganda, 100027, Kazakhstan
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Academika Koptyuga Av., 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Institute of Geology UFRC RAS
Department of Geology and Exploration of Mineral Deposits
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy
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